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History Semester
Test Next Tuesday!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the word for trickle-down economics? | Suppy-Side Economics |
| Popular music from the 1920's, syncopation and improvisation | Jazz |
| The belief that one's native land needs to be protected from immigrants | Nativism |
| Challenged traditional values-behavior, particularly the status of Women | New Morality |
| A religious movement derived from Christian pamphlets | Fundamentalism |
| Belief that humans developed from lower forms of life, over millions of years | Theory of Evolution |
| Belief that God created the world according to the Bible | Creationism |
| Federal law that gave government the power to police alcohol | Volstead Act |
| Ammendment that prohibited the sale, manufacture, and consumption of alcoholic beverages | 18th |
| New York City neighborhood that became the heart and soul of the African American Renaissance | Harlem Renaissance |
| Warren G. Harding won the 1920 presidential election promising a return to: | normalcy |
| Most noted of the Hardiing administration scandals, was one that involved an illegal oil reserve lease, a $300,000 bribe, and an expensive Senate investigation: | Teapot Dome |
| Applying business principles to government, the Coolidge administration was able to accomplish all of the following, except: | Lower the protective tariff |
| The Kellogg-Briand Pact was: | A plan to settle disputes peacefully |
| When America dealt with foreign nations in the 1920's we: | Promoted peace, limited armaments, and gave financial aid |
| CBS and NBC were: | Radio broadcasting companies |
| What helped to create a farm recession during the 1920's? | High yields (oversupply), falling crop prices, and poor markets (tariff) |
| Controversial execution that highlighted the influence of nativism during the 1920's: | Sacco-Vanzetti |
| Pressured by nativists, the federal government passed restrictive immigration laws that enacted quotas. Quotas: | Deliberately favor and exclude certain ethnic groups |
| Women in the 1920's challenged traditional behavior and values in: | Marriages/ Relationships, Working World, and Behavior/ Fashion |
| Women also found new opportunities during the jazz age in all of the following, except: | Politics |
| Trial that was sensationalized because it put the decade on trial, moral values, was call the monkey trial because of its clash over evolution and creationism, and drew much attention because it was broadcast over national public radio: | The Scopes Trial |
| Which of the following are false about the Prohibition? a. The law was blatantly ignored and nearly impossible to reinforce b. The law was supported by religious groups c. The law hoped to reduce domestic violence and crime | a. The law was blatantly ignored and nearly impossible to enforce |
| As a result of the Prohibition, organized crime thrived because all of the following, except: a. Gangs took control over the illegal alcohol trade b. Gangs were tied to other illegal activities that allowed the industry to flourish c. Gangs were violen | b. Gangs were tied to other illegal activities that allowed the industry to flourish |
| What form of media grew in popularity as a result of its ability to deliver convenient news, sports, music, and serials? | Radio |
| The movie industry also grew substantially as a form of entertainment because of what innovation? | Sound |
| Song, dance, jazz, blues, and spirituals found a flourishing haven in this Harlem nightclub: | The Cotton Club |
| While continuing the fight for segregation and discrimination against African Americans, this organization made jazz age triumphs in anti-lynching laws and the defeat of a racist Supreme Court Judge: | NAACP |
| Jazz age females who broke free from traditional behavior | Flappers |
| To buy on credit and pay the product off on smaller payments over time (considered shameful before 1920, normal after) | Installment Plan |
| Illegal production and distribution of alcohol, prevalent in rural America, and was the birth of NASCAR | Bootlegging |
| Divides operations into simple tasks and cuts unnecessary motion | Assembly Line |
| Income left over after you pay off all the bills | Disposable income |
| Secret, illegal bar during prohibition (32,000 in NYC alone) | Speakeasies |
| President, landslide win, administration marred by scandal | Warren G. Harding |
| US Secretary of Commerce, shaped economic policy in trade | Herbert Hoover |
| Automobile tycoon who revolutionized the industry | Henry Ford |
| 1st man-powered flight in world history | Orville Wright |
| 1st transatlantic solo flight in 1927 | Charles Lindbergh |
| Tennessee biology teacher arrested for teaching evolution | John Scopes |
| Most famous jazz artist, trumpeter, New Orleans to Chicago | Louis Armstrong |
| 31st US president, WWI Food Administratioin, pro-business Republican, became Americas Depression scapegoat | Herbert Hoover |
| Democratic candidate in the 1928 presidential election, Roman Catholic, anti-prohibitionist, soundly defeated | Alfred E. Smith |
| American animation pioneer | Walt Disney |
| Author of The Grapes of Wrath | John Steinbeck |
| Three time US presidential Secretary of State who praised the stock market crash for ending easy credit | Andrew Mellon |
| The event that marked the beginning of the Great Depression: | Stock market crash |
| What even occurred on Black Tuesday? | Large-scale stock selling caused the market to crash |
| Bank failures resulted from: | bank speculation and risky credit loans |
| What was nota result of easy credit and installment buying? | An uneven distribution of wealth |
| How much of the workforce was unemployed during the Great Depression? | 1/3 |
| What was the result of man-made disasters, severe draught, dust storms, temp extremes, grasshopped infestations, and low crop prices? | The Dust Bowl |
| Daytime radio dramas were sponsored by: | Makers of laundry soap |
| Who did artists and writers of the 1930's attempt to portray? | Homeless and unemployed |
| President Hoover believed that only state/city governments should dole out: | relief |
| The purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was: | make loans to banks, businesses, and railroads |
| The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided all except: a. direct relief b. public works money for jobs c. long term, low interest loans d. money for direct and indirect relief | c. long term, low interest loans |
| Hoover's efforts to stop the Great Depression: | failed to ease the crisis |
| When people engage in the stock market, hoping the market will rise, and they will make a quick profit | Speculation |
| Purchasing stock with borrowed money | Margin buying |
| When stockbrokers callin stocks that were purchased by those who borrowed to play the market | Margin call |
| Urban masses who stood in lies waiting for a meal | Breadlines |
| Charitable organizations that supplied meals to the urban masses during the Great Depression | Soup Kitchens |
| Hoovervilles | Shantytowns |
| Farms taken away by banks when people are unable to make mortgage payments | Foreclosure |
| Oklahoma farmers who lost their farm to foreclosure during the "Dust Bowl" | Okies |
| 32nd President, creator of the New Deal, only US President to pass 15 major pieces of legislation within his first 100 days of office | Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
| Relief administrator of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, one of FDR's most trusted advisors | Harry Hopkins |
| Touring America, she became the conscience of FDR's administration, persuading FDR to address minority concerns | Eleanor Roosevelt |
| Many of the New Deal programs were based upon the theories of this British financier, called Keynesianism | John Maynard Keyes |
| FDR's administration | New Deal |
| Insured savings accounts from bank failures: | The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation |
| This highly successful New Deal program employed yout ages 18-25 for a dollar a day, working to replenish the nation's forests. The most effective program. | CCC |
| The Public Works Administration and the Civil Works Administration provided jobs that built American infrastructure, differences did not include: | Both spent about the same amount of money |
| Perhaps the greatest success of the 1st New Deal was: | While the economy improved only slightly, American attitude changed tremendously |
| People criticized the New Deal for its: | Being too costly, gave the federal government too much power, and did not go far enough in providing relief |
| The largest and most costly New Deal program, lasting from 1935-1941, at $11 billion: | WPA |
| The law that provides pensions to the retired, disabled, elderly, and disadvantaged: | Social Security |
| Roosevelet attempted to gain control of the US Supreme Court by: | Adding requirements allowing him to increase the number of justices |
| Roosevelt's court-packing scheme was: | not supported by Congress |
| FDR's attempt to restructure the Supreme Court, so it favored New Deal legislation | court-packing |
| Period of Presidency when they began introducing their administrative program and push for speedy passage. (Presidential report card!) | 1st 100 Days |
| FDR's weekly radio broadcast, helped lend hope to listeners | Fireside Chats |
| New Deal projects that critics believed made little sense, created nothing of value, and created jobs just for the sake of creating jobs | Make-work projects |
| Roosevelt's advisors, helped him experiment/ write the New Deal relief programs | the Brain Trust |
| When an administration abandons a balanced budget, and begins to borrow money to pay for large, government programs | Deficit spending |
| The "night of broken glass" the German Gestapo arrested thousands, destroyed property, and confiscated valuable possessions from Jews | Kristallnacht |
| German military strategy to sweep through the neutral European countries (Lightning War) | Blitzkrieg |
| The German Air Force | Luftwaffe |
| German camps where the feeble/youth were sent to be gassed and incinerated, or face a firing squad | Extermination Camps |
| Radical, left-winged dictators came to power in numerous European and Asian nations because they used force and intimidation, used the depression to build political support, and the Treaty of Versailles set the stage for WWII. They did not come to power: | because they wanted to bring peace and prosperity to all classes and races |
| The aggressive nationalist movement in Europe that involved building a great empire through social order, unification of the working class, and a strong military is called: | Fascism |
| In an effort to silence all opposition to communist principles, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin established concentration camps that estimates the death of 8-10 million. Today, this is referred to as: | The Great Purge |
| What did storm troopers who used intimidation to build party support, the National Socialist German Worker's Party, and gaining control of the German Parliament (Reichstag) mark? | Adolf Hitler's rise to power |
| The 1930's Neutrality Acts built support in America for: | Isolationism and Neutrality |
| In an effort to check Hitler's growing power, European leaders appease Germany at the: | Munich Conference |
| WWII actually began in 1939, when Nazi Germany invaded the city of Danzig in: | Poland |
| Out of funds to fight on, British asked America to help. On FDR's urging, Congress appropriates $40 billion in a program FDR referred to as a good neighbor policy: | Lend/Lease |
| America's entry into WWII came as a result of an attack on a US naval base in: | Hawaii |
| Dictator of Italy, II DUCE | Benito Mussolini |
| Communist Dictator in Russia | Joseph Stalin |
| Dictator of Germany, DER FEHRUR | Adolf Hitler |
| Dictator of Spain | Gen. Francisco Franco |
| American President | FDR |
| Prime Minister of Great Britain | Winston Churchill |
| After Pearl Harbor, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill believed that an Allied victory depended upon: | The American economy |
| Who found numerous incentives to get businesses to move quickly, gave cost-plus contracts, a percentage of profits, and loans to convert factories though the RFC in order to ensure rapid mobilization of the economy in America? | The National Defense Advisory Committee |
| Nearly one-third of all military equipment made during the war was manufactured: | by the automobile industry |
| Roosevelt decided to invade Morrocco and Algeria in order to accomplish battle experience, help the British defeat the North Afrika Corps, and establish a Mediterranean base. What did this not accomplish? | Avoid having to invade Japan |
| The turning point in Europe when Soviets retake this city (Battle of Rats): | Stalingrad |
| What tragic event after the Japanese capture of the Philippines in 1942 helped forge a stronger relationship between the Filipino and American people? | The Bataan Death March |
| The 1943 Zoot-suit riots in California were aimed at what ethnic youth group? | Mexican American |
| The greatest violation of civil liberties druing WWII came with the forced relocation of 110,000 people of ______ ancestry, onto internment relocation camps in the American Southwest. | Japanese Americans |
| Monthly coupon books allocating blue, red, and green points were a system for: | rationing goods |
| During WWII Americans purchased over $150 billion in E-bonds in order to: | loan the government money to pay for the war |
| The final phase of war in Europe was an invasion in France on June 6, 1944. 7,000 ships, 100,000 soldiers, and 23,000 paratroopers launch this attack at: | Normandy |
| This attack, along a six mile stretch of beaches, was code-named: | D-Day |
| May 7, 1945 the German General Staff accepts unconditional surrender, May 8, the official end to fighting is celebrated as: | V-E Day |
| What was the fate of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler in the last days of the war: | suicide |
| The Pacific Fleet led by Adm. Nimitz advanced by "Island Hopping" which included a haphazard advance, taking large, strategic islands first, and cutting off smaller islands from Japanese supply lines. What did it not include? | An intricate, systematical naval pattern |
| America became the first nation to successfully enter the atomic age in July of 1945. The project to build atomic weapons was called: | The Manhattan Project |
| On August 6, 1945 between 80 and 100 thousand people died after a B-29 bomber dropped the first of 2 atomic bombs on this Japanese industrial city: | Hiroshima |
| On August 15, 1945, Japan unconditionally surrenders: | V-J Day |
| 50 nations officially charter a world organization to promote peace called: | The United Nations |
| International MIlitary Tribunals offically punished individuals responsible for the war. The largest trial was held in the birthplace of Hitler's Nazi Party, the city of: | Nuremburg |
| Skyscraper builder who built Liberty Ships, using welds and prefabricated parts, allowing the US to build a two-ocean navy | Henry Kaiser |
| US General, Supreme Commander of all Allied forces, and leader of operations in Sicily, Italy, and Normandy | Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| Japanese suicide pilots | kamikaze |
| The B-29 that dropped atomic bombs on Japan | Enola Gay |
| Nickname of American soldiers during WWII, related to the government issued uniforms and equipment | G.I.'s |
| Female symbol portrayed in Govt. propoganda, newfound opportunity for women in the workforce | Rosie the Riveter |
| The US/USSR began to compete for global power and influence, had differing political and economic systems, and developed a huge distrust and fear of each other. What war did this contribute to? | The Cold War |
| Where did Truman release news that the US had developed atomic weapons? | The Potsdam Conference |
| Winston Churchill coined the term Iron Curtain in reference to the growing division between: | Eastern and Western Europe |
| The doctrine of Containment aimed to: | limit Soviet expansion recovery of Europe |
| The Truman doctrine resulted in: | money for Turkey/Greece to fight communism |
| By easing economic hardship in Europe, the Marshall Plan hoped to: | punish Germany |
| The Soviet blockade of Berlin was broken by a: | massive allied airlift |
| What was formed for the purpose of mutual defense? | NATO |
| In response to the formation of NATO, the Soviet Union formed its own military alliance: | The Warsaw Pact |
| What was won by the Communist Chinese: | The Chinese Revolution |
| Where were North and South Korea divided into American/ Soviet zones? | Along the 38th parallel |
| In 1995, solid evidence of several acts of spying and espionage were revealed by a secret federal project tracking messages between the US and USSR in the 1940's. It was called: | Project Verona |
| Who were people afraid of because he had a list of communist sympathizers in government, badgered and bullied people, and employed the "witch hunt"? | Senator Joseph McCarthy |
| To prevent Communist revolutions in developing countries like Guatemala and Iran, Eisenhower used: | covert operations |
| The new Soviet leader in 1956 was Nikita Khrushchev. After taking power in Russia he: | Spoke of "Peaceful Coexistence" |
| In 1957 the Eisenhower Doctrine offered military aid to: | Any Middle East/ North African nation fighting Communist aggression |
| 33rd US President following FDR, used Atomic Bomb to end WWII in Japan | Harry S. Truman |
| Communist Chinese leader, established in the People's Republic China on the mainland in 1949 | Mao Zedong |
| Nationalist Chinese leader established in Democratic Republic of China on the island of Taiwan in 1949 | Chiang Kai-shek |
| WWII Army General in the Pacific, Hero, was relieved of his command by Truman in 1953 for disobeying orders | Gen Douglas MacArthur |
| Director of the Cental Intelligence Agency, led the hunt for "communist sympathizers in government and society | J. Edgar Hoover |
| 34th US President followed Truman, reduced the US Defense Budget, More Bang for Our Buck! | Dwight D. Eisenhower |
| Russian leader who seized power in 1956, critical of Stalin's harsh leadership, advocated for peaceful coexistence | Nikita Khrushchev |
| American spy pilot shot down over the USSR in 1958 | Francis Gary Powers |
| Eastern European nations, fell to Communist rule after WWII | Soviet Satellites |
| European aid, to rebuild economics and contain Communism | Marshall Plan |
| $400 million pledge to contain Communism in Eastern Europe | Truman Doctrine |
| Writers and directors imprisoned for failing to answer | Hollywood Ten |
| US government agency that carries out covert operations | Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) |
| DMZ, longest fortified border in the world | Demilitarized Zone |
| Failing to follow the orders of a superior | Insubordination |
| Soviet satellite, 1st to border Earth | SPUTNIK |
| Nuclear threats to the verge of war, without actually going to war | Brinkmanship |
| As a result of the GI Bill, many returning servicemen: | received government loans to buy houses and businesses |
| After WWII labor unrest was triggered by: | rising inflation |
| In 1947, the conservative federal congress set out to curb the power of organized labor by passing: | Taft-Hurley |
| What did Eisenhower cut federal spending to in order to balance the federal budget? (Creeping Socialism) | government work projects |
| American-Canadian waterway to aid international shipping: | Great Lakes- St. Lawrence Seaway |
| The incredible prosperity of the 50s was evidenced by: | average income increase, more disposable income, and rise in income of all classes |
| Which industries contributed to the evolvement of a new youth culture, new forms of music/poetry, and new youth markets in the 1950s? | Television and Advertising |
| Which social change did rock n' roll not contribute to? | Segregation |
| The American Dream: | move to the suburbs |
| What era contributed to population increase, emphasis on children, and was created in part by the GI Bill? | The Baby Boom |
| Television in the 50s portrayed: | African American and women roles that reinforced stereotypes |
| The decline of the inner city was inadvertently due to: | migration, creation of the projects and discrimination |
| Due to the Bracero Program during the 40s and 50s the country witnessed a sharp rise in immigrants from: | Mexico |
| Studies of life in Appalachia revealed high rates of infant mortality and: | Nutritional deficiency |
| Planned, residential communities outside of the city | Suburbs |
| Suit and Tie office jobs | White-collar jobs |
| Infection fighting medicine that eradicated disease | antibiotics |
| Critics of conformity to society and pop culture | Beat Movement |
| Minimum income required to support a family | Poverty Line |
| Government policy that required Native Americans to enter mainstream society | Termination Act |
| Antisocial or criminal behavior of 1950s youth | Juvenile Delinquency |
| Cultural separation between parents and children | Generation Gap |
| Scientist who rid the world of polio by inventing an injectable and oral vaccine | Albert Sabin and Jonas Salk |
| Coined the phrase "Rock n' Roll" and the "King" of Rock n' Roll | Alan Freed and Elvis Presley |
| During the 1960 election campaign, television aired its first: | presidential debate |
| What was Kennedy asking when he stated "The torch has been passed to a new generation. My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country" ? | For citizens to get more involved in helping others |
| Kennedy's legislative agenda: | New Frontier |
| Which of Kennedy's stances made progressive democrats disagree with him? | Education stance |
| Kennedy's Presidential Panel on Mental Retardation recommended: | grants and funding for research and treatment centers |
| Which two US Supreme Court cases took federal jurisdiction over cases involving the redrawing of electoral districts, forced states to redraw election districts under court standards, and is referred to as the One Man, One Vote principle? | Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims |
| Court case that established Miranda rights: | Miranda v. Arizona |
| Relating to schools and separation of church and state, the Warren Court: | stated schools could not compose and require students to recite official prayers |
| What did Kennedy's Flexible Response plan call for? | a buildup of conventional weapons |
| Which JFK program sent volunteers abroad to lend technical and medical assistance in developing countries? | The Peace Corp |
| What program was a series of cooperative aid projects to improve relations with Latin American nations? | The Alliance for Progress |
| What did the Bay of Pigs scandal cause? | Kennedy's image was tarnished |
| As a result of what incident did Kennedy agree to remove US missiles from Turkey? | The Cuban Missile Crisis |
| The purpose of the Warren Commission was to investigate: | conspiracy allegations in the Kennedy assassinations |
| Lyndon Baines Johnson's plan for social reform: | Great Society |
| LBJ's goals for a better America were supported by: | his poor background, his belief in Kennedy's programs and that a wealthy government helps the less fortunate |
| Allowing those with disabilities to find their useful place in society | Developmentally disabled |
| American astronauts put the US ahead in the space race by orbiting the Earth, called the 1st Apollo mission | Apollo |
| Home to the Kennedy Space Center and the US space program | National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) |
| Lunar module used by American astronauts to land on the moon | The EAGLE |
| 35th US President, won 1960 election with youthful ideas | JFK |
| Poor TV image brought a tight election loss to JFK in 1960 | Richard Nixon |
| US Supreme Court Justice, noted liberal rulings | Earl Warren |
| "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." | Neil Armstrong |
| Embittered Marxist, arrested as the Kennedy assassin | Lee Harvey Oswald |
| 36th US President, JFK's Vice President, "War on Poverty!" | LBJ |
| What was not a reason that African Americans found greater freedoms during WWI and WWII? | All US servicemen were allowed national access to all public/ private accommodations |
| Which court case outlawed segregation in public education? | Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas |
| What did African Americans do as a result of Rosa Parks being arrested for not giving her seat up to a white woman? | led a successful bus boycott |
| What non-violent, resistance group did African American ministers and churches mobilize in 1957? | SCLC |
| In Little Rock, Arkansas, the governor tried to prevent African American students from entering an all white, Central High School by: | deploying the National Guard |
| The organization founded by college campus civil rights activists was: | CORE |
| Who were the black and white college students who traveled south hoping to draw attention to bus terminals that refused to integrate and were met by angry mobs and violence | Freedom Riders |
| What helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964? | The March on Washington |
| The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did little to: | guarantee the right to vote |
| Black power leaders preached: | cultural pride |
| Black Muslims preached: | social separation |
| Black Panthers preached: | armed revolution |
| 1st African American given a judgeship | Thurgood Marshall |
| Arrested for refusing to give up her seat | Rosa Parks |
| Mississippi civil rights leader whose assassination pushed Kennedy to enact civil rights legislation | Medgar Evers |
| Leader of the Black Muslims, assassinated for changing his beliefs on integration | Malcom X |
| State laws that reinforced segregation across the South | Jim Crow Laws |
| When areas without segregation practice it by tradition | de facto segregation |
| African American students who were at first refused, then eventually allowed to integrate in Little Rock school | Little Rock Nine |
| A congressional process that attempts to talk a bill to death, the speaking debate blocks a vote on a bill | filibuster |
| African American neighborhood in LA where a race riot broke out | Watts |
| Which amendment outlawed poll taxes as a voting requirement? | 24th |
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