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60 Facts #1-60 V1.13
U.S. History Facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ___________________, the first permanent English settlement, was founded in ______________. | Jamestown; 1607 |
| __________________ and __________________ organized the __________________________ creating the Declaration of Sentiments and ultimately the Women’s Rights Movement in the United States. | Elizabeth Cady Stanton; Lucretia Mott; Seneca Falls Convention |
| The ______________________ forbids the government to order private citizens to allow soldiers to live in their homes. | Third Amendment |
| The _________________ guarantees the right to a speedy public trial by an impartial jury; the right to a lawyer; the right to cross examine witnesses; and the right to force witnesses at a trial to testify. | Sixth Amendment |
| The ____________________ prohibits cruel and unusual punishment an excessive bail or fines. | Eighth Amendment |
| ________________________ was the author of the Monroe Doctrine, which shut down the western hemisphere to European expansion or interference. In return, the US agreed not to interfere in European affairs. | James Monroe |
| A __________________ is a nation in which voters choose representatives to govern them. | Republic |
| _____________________ was the General of the Union Army and was responsible for winning the Civil War for the North. | Ulysses S Grant |
| _______________ means to change. | Amend |
| ________________________ is a system in which each branch of government has its own powers. | Separation of powers |
| The _________________________ guarantees citizenship and rights to all people born or naturalized in the United States. | Fourteenth Amendment |
| The _______________________ states that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states. | Tenth Amendment |
| _______________________ was the 16th President of the United States who successfully put the Union back together only to be assassinated 5 days after the Civil War ended. | Abraham Lincoln |
| ________________________ is the refusal to obey a government law or laws as a means of passive resistance because of one’s moral conviction or belief. | Civil Disobedience |
| _________________________ was the President of the Confederacy during the Civil War. | Jefferson Davis |
| ________________________ was the bloodiest single day battle of the Civil War halting the first Confederate attack onto Northern soil. Lincoln declared the battle a victory and issued the Emancipation Proclamation. | Antietam, Maryland |
| The _______________________ is the first ten amendments to the Constitution and detail the protection of individual liberties. | Bill of Rights |
| _____________________________ was a former slave who became the best-known black abolitionist in the country. | Frederick Douglass |
| _________________________ are rights that cannot be given up, taken away, or transferred. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights. | Unalienable rights |
| The __________________________ ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation. | Treaty of Paris 1783 |
| _________________________ wrote the Declaration of Independence; became the 3rd President of the United States; he also purchased the Louisiana territory, doubling the size of the United States | Thomas Jefferson |
| __________________________ is a system of government in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them. | Representative Government |
| ______________________ is the right to vote. | Suffrage |
| _______________________ was a staunch Federalist and the longest serving Chief Justice in Supreme Court history (1801-1835). He played a key role in the development of the American legal system. | John Marshall |
| ______________________ is the right of the Supreme Court to judge laws, passed by Congress, and determine whether they are constitutional or not. | Judicial Review |
| The was written in 1787. The Constitution of the United States sets out the ___________________________ of the government of the United States. | Constitution of the United States; laws and principles |
| The British defeat at ________________________ by George Washington’s troops signaled the end of the American Revolution. (___________________- British General) | Yorktown, Virginia; Cornwallis |
| _______________________was an escaped slave who became a vocal member of the abolitionist movement as well as women’s rights. | Sojourner Truth |
| The _______________________ guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil suits. | Seventh Amendment |
| __________________________ is considered to be the “Father of the Constitution.” | James Madison |
| An ________________________ was a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States. | abolitionist |
| The ____________________________ guarantees the right to vote to all citizens regardless of race. | Fifteenth Amendment |
| _____________________________ was the era in which a change from household industries to factory production using powered machinery took place. | Industrial Revolution |
| The ___________________________ was the turning point in the Civil War for the North. Confederate troops were forced to retreat and never invade the North again. | Battle of Gettysburg |
| The ________________ was fought from _______________________. | Civil War; 1861-1865 |
| Invented by Eli Whitney ___________________________ are uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces. This invention greatly helped the growth of American industry. | interchangeable parts |
| _________________________ was an inventor, statesman, diplomat, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention. He was responsible for convincing Louis XVI of France to support America during the Revolution. | Benjamin Franklin |
| The ________________________ was the turning point of the American Revolution as it gave France a reason to enter the war against Britain. | Battle of Saratoga |
| The _________________________ guarantees the right of states to organize militias, or armies, and the right of individuals to bear arms. | Second Amendment |
| The _______________________ was an invention by Eli Whitney that speeded the cleaning of cotton fibers and in effect, increased the need for slaves. | Cotton Gin |
| The ______________________________ are the Legislative Branch (makes the laws), the Judicial Branch (interprets the law), and the Executive Branch (enforces the laws | Three Branches of Government |
| The ____________________________ ended the French and Indian War and effectively kicked the French out of North America | Treaty of Paris 1763 |
| ____________________________ helped fuel the abolitionist movement in 1852 by writing Uncle Tom’s Cabin. The book shined a light on the horrors of slavery. | Harriet Beecher Stowe |
| A ______________________ is a tax on goods brought into a country. A protective tariff is a tax placed on goods from another country to protect the home industry. | tariff |
| ___________________________ is the belief that the United States should own all of the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. | Manifest Destiny |
| The _____________________________ was signed on July 4, 1776. It was written by Thomas Jefferson, and declared the colonies independence from England. | Declaration of Independence |
| The _______________________ protects an accused person from having to testify against him or herself (self-incrimination); bans double jeopardy; and guarantees that no person will suffer the loss of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. | Fifth Amendment |
| _________________________ helped create the woman’s rights movement into a national organization. | Susan B. Anthony |
| The __________________________ protected the rights of English citizens and became the basis for the American Bill of Rights. | English Bill of Rights |
| ______________________ is an economic system based on private property and free enterprise. | Capitalism |
| The _______________________ states that the people have rights other than those specifically mentioned in the Constitution. | Ninth Amendment |
| The ____________________, signed in 1215 by King John, was the first document that limited power of the ruler. | Magna Carta |
| The ______________________ states that “Congress shall make no law” restricting freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition | First Amendment |
| _______________________ is a system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches. | Checks and Balances |
| The _______________________ requires that warrants be issued if property is to be searched or seized (taken) by the government. | Fourth Amendment |
| A __________________________ is a form of government that is run for and by the people, giving the people supreme power. | democracy |
| The _________________________ abolished slavery. | Thirteenth Amendment |
| ___________________________ is the freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation. | Free Enterprise |
| _____________________ is a cruel and unjust government. | Tyranny |
| _________________________ is an economic theory that a country’s strength is measured by the amount of gold it has, that a country should sell more than it buys and that the colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country. | Mercantilism |
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