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NWHSU Mash CNS1 anat
NWHSU Mash CNS Test 1 Neuroanatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which of the following are located in the closed medulla? A) Chief sensory nucleus of V B) Nucleus Gracilis C) Nucleus Dorsalis D) Medial Lemniscus E) Paleospinothalamic tract F) Substantia Nigra | Nucleus Gracilis, Medial Lemniscus, Paleospinothalamic tract |
| Where are the nerve cell bodies of the L ventral trigeminothalamic tract fibers located? | ?CONTRA chief sensory nucleus of trigeminal (CN V) of mid pons, nucleus of spinotrigeminal tract(aka spinal nucleus of V) from mid pons to C2(mesencephalic nucleus in superior midbrain is NOT in the ventral trigeminothalamic tract) |
| where do fibers of RIGHT fasciculus cuneatus terminate | R nucleus cuneatus in closed medulla |
| consider the Right neospinothalamic tract. A) where are the nerve cell bodies located B) where do the fibers terminate | A) CONTRA dorsal horn nuclei: substantial gelatinosa and nucleus proprius B) IPSI Ventral Posterior Lateral (body only Ventral Posterior Medial for head afferent is spinotrigeminal nucleus) |
| fibers in the right ventral trigeminothalamic tract originated from _______ nuclei | CONTRA chief sensory nucleus of V (DT); nucleus of spinotrigeminal tract (pain)(aka spinal nucleus V) |
| Give the location of the nerve cell bodies for each of the following fibers: Left ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus | right nucleus proprious, right nucleus gracilis, right nucleus cuneatus |
| Give the location of the nerve cell bodies for each of the following fibers: Right lateral cuneate nucleus | right dorsal root ganglion T6 and higher |
| Give the location of the nerve cell bodies for each of the following fibers: C) R fasciculus gracilis | C) right dorsal root ganglion T6 and lower |
| Give the locations of the nerve cell bodies whose fibers from the: R. fasiculus gracilis and L. neospinothalamic tract. | R. DRG T6 and below, R. nucleus proprius in dorsal horn |
| Give the locations of the nerve cell bodies whose fibers from the: R Dorsal spinocerebellar tract | CONTRA Nucleus dorsalis of Clarke in dorsal horn C8-L2 |
| Give the locations of the nerve cell bodies whose fibers from the: L. inferior cerebellar peduncle | L lateral cuneate T6 and up and L nucleus dorsalis in C8-L2 |
| Give the locations of the nerve cell bodies whose fibers from the:Left superior cerebellar peduncle | ?Lumbosacral gray nucleus in dorsal horn of ventral spinocerebellar tract for body, L. mesencephalic for head |
| Give the terminations of the L lateral corticospinal tract. | Dorsal horn, LMN-lamina IX, and Lamina VII and VIII interneurons |
| Motor cortices receive afferents from the _______ nuclei of thalamus | ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus ?ventromedial nucleus of thalamus |
| name 2 nuclei located in the midbrain tectum | substantia nigra; red nucleus |
| Name the brainstem nuclei whose fibers terminate on the non-specific group of the thalamus. | ?Ventral Trigeminal, Reticular, (Paleospinothalamic nuclei not in brainstem but does terminate on non-specific and reticular) |
| name the groups of fibers which terminate on the ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus | neospinothalamic; medial lemniscus (fasciculus gracilis and cuneatus termninate on CONTRA medial lemniscus) |
| Name the termination of the following tracts/fibers: R medial lemniscus; R ventral spinocerebellar tract | ?IPSIlateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus; IPSI cerebellum (or vermal region of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum) |
| Name the nuclei whose fibers carry spatially specific proprioception from the spinal cord to the L. cerebellum. | ?Left nucleus dorsalis, left lateral cuneate nucleus, lumbosacral grey, mesencephalic |
| the ______ nucleus is located in the wall of the lateral ventricle | caudate |
| name the nuclei/grey whose fibers join the right trigeminothalamic tract | ?L cheif nuc of V, L spinotrigeminal nucleus (aka spinal nucleus of V) |
| name the nuclei/grey whose fibers join the right fasciculus gracilis | ?R DRG of T6 and below terminate on nucleus dorsalis (of Clarke)(pre and post nucleus dorsalis travel in fasciculus gracilis |
| name the nuclei/grey whose fibers join the right neospinothalamic tract | ?L nucleus proprius |
| the posterior limb of internal capsule is located between the ___ and the ______ | thalamus; LENTIFORM nucleus |
| the red nucleus is located in the ________ | tegmentum of midbrain and subthalamus |
| The ventral posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus projects to ____? | lateral 3,1,2 |
| The right neospinothalamic tract originates in the ______ and terminates on the ________ | Left nucleus proprius; VPLN |
| Name the region of the diencephalon described. Contains the substantia nigra and red nucleus. Includes the Habenula. Answer options are: Epithalamus, Hypothalamus, Subthalamus, Thalamus | Subthalamus; Epithalamus |
| Name the region of the diencephalon described: Nuclei send information to the cerbral cortex; Contains the red nucleus and the substantial nigra; Largely influences the endocrine system and autonomic nervous system | Thalamus; Subthalamus; Hypothalamus |
| Name the thalamic nuclei: Belonging to the cortical association projection group (any one of the group will do); projecting to lateral areas 3, 1, 2 | ?Pulvinar; ventral posterior medial; motor; limbic OR integrative |
| Substantia nigra is located _________. | Nuclei of Subthalamus in the tegmentum of midbrain |
| the anterior and dorsomedial nuclei of the thalamus project to | ?prefrontal cortex (intellectual, emotional, olfactory) |
| The dura mater of the spinal cord terminates as the dural sac at the ______ vertebral level. | S2 |
| Name the structure of the diencephalon which controls circadian rhythms | Epithalamus or pineal gland |
| the fibers connecting the left and right sides of spinal cord form the __________ | anterior commisure |
| the intralaminar, midline, and posterior complex are nuclei of the thalamus belonging to the ___________ functional group | non-specific |
| the medial and lateral apertures connect the ______ with the _______ | 4th ventricle; subarachnoid space |
| The midbrain and the cerebellum are connected by the ______- | superior cerebellar peduncle |
| the pineal gland belongs to which region of the diencephalon | epithalamus |
| the post central gyrus is located in the ________ lobe | parietal |
| The S5 spinal segment is located approximately at the level of the _____ vertebrae | L1-L2 |
| the spinal dura terminates at the ______ vertebral level | S2 |
| The superior colliculi are located (use correct terminology) | Tectum of midbrain |
| The ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus belongs to _____ group of thalamic nuclei? | specific |
| what type of tissue forms the septum pellucidum? | white and gray matter called laminae septi pellucidi |
| Where do fibers of the Right paleospinothalamic tract terminate? | non-specific area |
| which tract carries proprioception from the lower extremity integrated with the state of excitation of the lower motor neuron? | ventral spinocerebellar |
| Which pathway from the lower extremity carries proprioception integrated with information about the level of excitation of the lower motor neuron? | Ventral spinocerebellar tract |
| Which tract carries an integration of proprioception and the level of excitation of the lower motor neuron from the legs to the cerebellum? | ?ventral spinocerebellar appears to have been marked wrong |
| Explain how the left lateral corticospinal tract terminating in the lumbosacral cord can influence input to the cerebellum | ?By synapsing information to the R ventral spinocerebellar tract in the dorsal horn, this tract takes integrative info and LMN excitation info back to the cerebellum |
| muscle tone is largely controlled by descending motor fibers terminating on ______ | gamma motor neurons |
| Stimulation of the golgi tendon organ results in inhibition of the _______ supplying the homologous muscle? | motor neurons |
| The "open" medulla is so named because of the presence of the _____ | 4th ventricle |
| which portion of the ventricular system is located in the diencephalon | 3rd ventricle |
| where is choroid plexus located | in telencephalon in lateral ventricles |
| which structure of the diencephalon may become calcified with age? | Pineal body |
| which structure of the telencephalon may become calcified with age | choroid plexus |
| Fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus are located in the _________ (region) of the spinal cord. | posterior funiculus |
| name a region of the diencephalon where the blood brain barrier is absent? why? | pineal body so that hormones can be released |
| name area of the brain that lacks the blood-brain barrier. | Pineal Gland |
| name area of diencephalon described, A) contains substantia nig B) contains pineal gland C) contains mamillary nucleus | A) subthalamus B) Epithalamus C) Hypothalamus |
| Name one group of fibers that provide the information about the excitation of the lower motor neuron | ?ventral spinocerebellar |
| fibers connecting the left and right prefrontal cortices are likely located in the ________ | corpus callosum |
| Homotypical describes the majority of the cerebral cortex. what does it mean | all 6 layers of cortex are recognizable |
| between which two structures does the posterior limb of the pass? | thalamus; lenticulate nucleus |
| consider lateral herniation of the L4-5 disc which impinges on one spinal root. name the likely affected nerve root | L5 |
| what does genu mean | only affects are directed to head |
| Define spinal segment: | Region of spinal cord to which nerve attaches. |
| what dural septum seperates the two cerebral hemispheres | septum pallucidum |
| the _____ is a group of fibers important in the consensual pupillary light response | posterior commisure |
| the _______ is a group of fibers connecting the pons and cerebellum | middle cerebellar peduncle |
| What group of fibers connects the medulla and the cerebellum? | Inferior cerebellar peduncle |
| what group of fibers connects the pons and cerebellum | middle cerebellar peduncle |
| what group of fibers pass between the caudate and lentiform nuclei? be specific | anterior limb of internal capsule |
| What information passes through the genu of the internal capsule? | Sensory info from the head. |
| the left and right thalami are separated by the | 3rd ventricle |
| the inferior colliculus is located ____ | tectum of the midbrain |
| nerve cell bodies of rexed's laminae I-IV are located _____and have a _____function | dorsal horn, sensory |
| name the thalamic nuclei: projects specifically to motor cortices | ventral lateral |
| name the thalamic nuclei: projects to areas 41 and 42 | medial geniculate |
| name the thalamic nuclei: receives afferents from sensory association cortices | pulvinar |
| name the thalamic nuclei: receives afferents from the paleospinothalamic tract | intralaminar and posterior complex |
| fibers of the spinotrigeminal tract terminate on the | CONTRA Ventral Posterior Medial of Thalamus |
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AnatomyMash
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