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Chapter 10 KeyTerms
Part one of final exam
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Benchmark poll | initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared. |
Exit polls | election-related questions asked of voters right after they vote. |
Gender gap | the tendency of men and women to differ in their political views on some issues |
Marriage gap | the tendency of married people to hold political opinions that differ from those of people who have never married. |
On-line processing | the ability to receive and evaluate information as events happen, allowing us to remember our evaluation even if we have forgotten the specific events that caused it |
Political socialization | the process by which we learn our political orientations and allegiances. |
Public opinion | the collective attitudes and beliefs of individuals on one or more issues |
Public opinion polls | scientific efforts to estimate what an entire group thinks about an issue by asking a smaller sample of the group for its opinion |
Push polls | polls that ask for reactions to hypothetical, often false, information in order to manipulate public opinion. |
Random samples | samples chosen in such a way that any member of the population being polled has an equal chance of being selected. |
Rational ignorance | the state of being uninformed about politics because of the cost in time and energy |
Sample bias | the effect of having a sample that does not represent all segments of the population |
Sampling error | a number that indicates within what range the results of a poll are accurate |
Tracking polls | ongoing series of surveys that follow changes in public opinion over time |
Two-step flow of information | the process by which citizens take their political cues from more well-informed opinion leaders. |