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Contempl Litarture
Vocabulary words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absurdism: | A type of drama that includes actions that lead in no predictable direction. |
| Accents: | The prominent syllables in words. |
| Active voice: | The subject of the sentence carries out the action of the verb. |
| Allegory: | A narrative in which the characters, actions, or settings stand for a secondary meaning, often with a moral implication. |
| Alliteration: | The repetition of consonant sounds in a text. |
| Anapestic: | Anapestic: One foot of poetry with two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable. |
| Antagonist: | Antagonist: The character in a literary work with whom the protagonist is in conflict |
| Assonance: | Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds in a text. |
| Aubade: | A lyric poem in which the speaker laments the coming of the morning and the parting from his lover |
| Audience: | The readers of an essay. |
| Ballad: | A narrative poem in four-line rhymed stanzas. |
| Biographical criticism: | A literary theory stating that the reader can derive a work's meaning by studying the biography of the writer. |
| Canon: | A body of works considered as definitive in a particular field of study. |
| Catastrophe: | The action at the end of a tragedy that initiates the tragic ending. |
| Catharsis: | The audience's purging of the feelings of sorrow and pity at the end of a tragedy. |
| Characterization: | The way a writer represents and reveals a character. |
| Climax: | The point of greatest tension in a work of fiction, also called the turning point. |
| Close reading: | Reading a work of literature to attempt to decipher the emotion, meaning, and quality of the text. |
| Closed form: | Poetry that has restricted structure, including meter, rhyme scheme, and number of lines. |
| Common knowledge: | Information that almost everyone knows |
| Complications: | Events in works of literature that complicate the story; usually resolved by the end of the text. |
| Conflict: | An event in a work of literature that complicates the story; usually resolved by the end of the text. |
| Connotation: | The implied meanings and associations of a word. |
| Context: | The surroundings, such as connotation and author, of a work of fiction that determines its meaning. |
| Critical theory: | The perspectives through which readers analyze literature. |
| Critical thinking: | The process of thinking about and analyzing a work of literature |
| Cultural studies: | Theories that study the role of society in literature. |
| Dactylic: | One foot of poetry with one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables. |
| Dangling modifier: | A phrase that is unclear as to whether it modifies the subject or the object of the sentence. |
| Database: | An organized collection of information. |
| Deconstruction: | A theory that studies and questions the existence of and imbalance in binary opposites. |
| Denotation: | The dictionary meaning of a word. |
| Dialogue: | Conversation between one or more characters in a literary work. |
| Diction: | The chosen words in a literary work. |
| Drama: | A genre of literature that is intended to be performed by actors on a stage. |
| Editing: | The process of adjusting a written work by rewriting and condensing text. |
| Elegy: | A lyric poem that is a lament for the dead. |
| Enjambment: | A sentence or thought that is carried from one line of poetry to the next. |
| Epic poem: | A long narrative poem that tells the stories of a heroic character. |
| Epigram: | A short poem that is witty and often satirical. |
| Essay: | A written analysis of a subject, usually containing an argument. |
| Exposition: | The first stage of a work of fiction that provides background information necessary for understanding the story. |
| Fable: | A form of short fiction that includes animals that speak and act as rationally as humans. |
| Fairy tale: | A form of short fiction that includes supernatural characters or events. |
| Falling action: | The stage of a work of fiction that follows the turning point; characterized by a decrease in action and conflict. |
| Feminist criticism: | A literary theory that studies the role and position of women in literature and the literary field. |
| Fiction: | A work of literature in prose, poetry, or drama that is based on the writer's imagination, not on fact. |
| Figurative language: | A form of language in which the words imply more than their literal meanings. |
| First person point of view: | A story told from the point of view of one of the story's participants. |
| Folk ballad: | A ballad passed orally from person to person. |
| Foot: | One unit of stressed and unstressed syllables. |
| Formalism: | A literary theory stating that the reader can derive meaning by exclusively studying the form of the work. |
| Genre: | A type or category of literature based on structure and writing technique. |
| Groundling: | A common person who could not afford tickets for seats at Elizabethan theater and so stood in front of the stage. |
| Iambic: | One foot of poetry with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. |
| Imagery: | Figurative language that evokes a mental picture and stimulates the five senses. |
| Irony: | A contrast or discrepancy between one thing and another. |
| Irony of circumstance: | A contrast or discrepancy between what the characters think is happening and what is actually happening. |
| Legend: | A form of fiction that recounts the astounding achievements of real or imagined characters. |
| Limited omniscient point of view: | A story told from the point of view of a narrator who is not a participant in the story but can see the thoughts and feelings of only one of the characters. |
| Literal language: | A form of language in which the words mean exactly what the words denote. |
| Literary ballad: | A more stylistically polished ballad. |
| Literary nonfiction: | Nonfiction that meditates on, analyzes, or evaluates subjects and experiences that are factual; its sole purpose is not to inform. |
| Lyric poetry: | Poetry that is characterized by the expression of emotion and the internal thoughts and feelings of the speaker. |
| Marxist criticism: | A literary theory that studies the role of economics, politics, and power in literature. |
| Memoir: | A genre of literary nonfiction whose subject matter is comprised of past events from the writer's life. |
| Metaphor: | A comparison between two unrelated things that implies a connection without using verbal cues such as like or as. |
| Meter: | The measured pattern of accents and syllables in a line of poetry. |
| Myth: | A form of fiction that features ancient deities and often serves to explain the mysteries of nature. |
| Narrative poetry: | Poetry that tells a story |
| Narrator: | The voice and speaker in a work of fiction. |
| Nonfiction: | A genre of literature that is based on fact. |
| Nonrealistic fiction: | A form of fiction that includes supernatural or strange characters, settings, and other elements. |
| Novel: | A form of fiction written in prose that is considerable in length. |
| Novella: | A form of fiction written in prose that is usually between 50 and 100 pages in length. |
| Objective point of view: | A story told from the point of view of a narrator who is outside of the story. |
| Ode: | A long and formal lyric poem with varied stanzas. |
| Oedipus complex: | The psychoanalytic theory that a child has an unconscious sexual desire for his parent of the opposite sex and harbors negative feelings for the parent of the same sex. |
| Omniscient point of view: | A story told from the point of view of a narrator who is not a participant in the story but who can see the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters. |
| Open form: | Poetry with no restricted structure. |
| Outline: | A document that defines the basic structure of the essay. |
| Overgeneralization: | A sweeping and oversimplified statement. |
| Parable: | A form of short fiction that teaches a lesson, usually spiritual in nature. |
| Passive voice: | The subject of the sentence receives the action of the verb. |
| Plagiarism: | The act of taking credit for another person's words, thoughts, and ideas. |
| Play: | A work of drama that is meant to be performed on a stage. |
| Playwright: | An author who writes works of drama, also known as plays. |
| Plot: | The sequence of incidents in a literary work. |
| Poem: | A work of poetry in verse rather than prose. |
| Poetry: | A genre of literature that employs the sound and rhythm of words to convey meaning; uses poetic tools, such as rhyme, language, and structure. |
| Point of view: | The position from which a story is told. |
| Primary source: | A direct source, such as a work of literature or a historical document. |
| Proofreading: | The process of carefully evaluating a written work in order to find errors. |
| Prose: | A form of writing that mimics ordinary speech and is presented in the form of paragraphs. |
| Protagonist: | The major character in a literary work. |
| Psychoanalytic theory: | A literary theory that studies a writer's or character's mind and mental state. |
| Realism: | A movement that includes characters, settings, and other elements that seem real. |
| Realistic fiction: | A form of fiction that includes characters, settings, and other elements that seem real. |
| Recognition: | The point in a tragedy when the tragic hero realizes what has actually happened and why. |
| Resolution: | The last stage of a work of fiction when conflicts are sorted out. |
| Revising: | The process of adjusting a written work by reworking ideas and reorganizing text. |
| Rhyme: | The matching of the final sounds in two or more words, usually at the end of a line of poetry. |
| Rhyme scheme: | The pattern of repeated sounds at the end of lines of poetry. |
| Rhythm: | The pattern of stress in a line of verse. |
| Romantic comedy: | A genre of drama that includes a source of humor, usually mistaken identity and unexpected discoveries. |
| Satiric comedy: | A genre of drama that includes a source of humor, usually the idiosyncrasies and shortcomings of humanity. |
| Secondary source: | A written work that discusses a primary source. |
| Semiotics: | The study of signs and symbols used by a culture to convey meaning. |
| Sestina: | A 39-line lyric poem in iambic pentameter. |
| Short story: | A form of short fiction written in prose that can generally be read in one sitting. |
| Simile: | A comparison between two unrelated things that includes the word like or as. |
| Sonnet: | A poem with fourteen lines in iambic pentameter. |
| Stage directions: | The playwright's indication of how the actors should move and act on stage. |
| Staging: | The way a play is presented on stage, including the position of the actors, the scenic background, the props, the costumes, the lighting, and the sound effects. |
| Stanza: | A portion of a poem separated from another portion by a line break. |
| Structuralism: | A critical theory that studies a culture's system of signs for designating meaning. |
| Style: | A defined way of using and formatting language in a document. |
| Style guide: | A handbook that contains style rules. |
| Stylistic: | Of or related to the way an author chooses words and arranges them into sentences, paragraphs, and so on to convey meaning. |
| Subject and verb disagreement: | A grammar term describing the situation in which the verb conjugation does not correspond with the subject (for example, "we was"). |
| Symbol: | An object, action, or event that stands for something beyond itself. |
| Syntax: | The arrangement of words in a literary work. |
| Tales of ratiocination: | Edgar Allan Poe's name for his detective stories |
| Theater: | Works of drama or the performance of works of drama. |
| Thematic: | Relating to the repetition of a theme in a work or portion of a work of literature. |
| Theme: | The central idea in a work of literature that can be deduced from the work's plot, character, and language. |
| Thesis: | The topic, argument, and personal point of view of an essay. |
| Thesis statement: | The sentence that summarizes the topic and argument of the essay. |
| Third person point of view: | A story told from the point of view of a narrator who is not a participant in the story but can see the thoughts and feelings of at least one of the characters. |
| Tone: | The attitude of the writer toward the subject of a literary work. |
| Tragedy: | A genre of drama that focuses on the sorrows and problems of life. |
| Tragic hero: | The main character in a tragedy, usually an exalted character, who suffers a downfall. |
| Trochaic: | One foot of poetry with a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable. |
| Turning point: | The point of greatest tension in a work of fiction, also called the climax. |
| Verb tense disagreement: | A grammar term describing the situation in which multiple verb tenses are used to refer to the same time (for example, "We bought food at the store and then eat it.") |
| Verbal irony: | A contrast or discrepancy between what a character says and what a character knows. |
| Villanelle: | A 19-line lyric poem with repeated lines throughout. |
| Voice: | The speaker in a text. |