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Dnsr notes 21
Cinderellasaurus
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the formation of earth's land during the Triassic period? | Pangaea, the supercontinent |
| Due to the land formation, what were dinosaurs able to do? | They were able to move around and were wide-spread. |
| Cosmopolitan | Wide-ranging and very similar to each other |
| Endemic (late cretaceous) | Particular groups restricted to differing continents |
| How do solids and fluids react to heat? | solids become hot on the surface and cool on the bottom while fluids distribute the heat more evenly. |
| Will a fluid or solid change temperature quicker? | Solid |
| How was the climate in the Triassic? | Pangaea had much more extreme temperatures and water precipitation. |
| Why were the temperatures more extreme? | There wasn't water breaking up the land forms and aiding in regulating temperature. This caused the land to heat up quickly and cool quickly. |
| Why were the seasons extreme? | monsoons in the wet season, and hot temperatures in the dry season. |
| What caused the monsoons? | Moisture from oceans (Tethys Sea) was pulled into the northern hemisphere low-pressure cell. |
| What was the Late Triassic climate? | generally warm and dry at lower latitudes, with strong seasonality. |
| What was the largest mass extinction that the world as ever experienced? | Permo-Triassic Extinction |
| What percentage of species from land and from ocean were wiped out in this extinction? | Greater than 70% for ocean species and over 50% for land species. |
| What are some theories for the cause of this extinction? | Volcanism, asteroid collisions, and dramatic changes in global sea levels. |
| What is the strongest piece of evidence for the cause of the extinction? | Massive outpouring of lava in Russia called the Siberian Traps may have released a large amount of greenhouse gases, which caused "runaway" global warming and upset the chemical balance in the oceans. |
| What were the tree species in the Triassic? | Cycads, cardioids, conifers, ginkgoes, ferns, and seed-ferns |
| How did vegetation differ from the early to late Triassic? | Early Triassic consisted mostly of pteridophyte ferns and gymnosperms. Late Triassic, gymnosperms such as conifers and cycads dominated. |
| What did gymnosperms have to ward off predators? | tough, spiny foliage and likely rich in chemical defenses. |
| Which groups of animals appeared during the Triassic? | Dinosaurs, insects, frogs, salamanders, turtles, lizards, crocodiles, and mammals |
| Triassic was not only known for "Dawn of the Dinosaurs" but for "Dawn of the ---" | "Dawn of the Modern Ecosystem" |
| What was one of the most important mammal groups during the Triassic? | Dicynodonts |
| Describe dicynodonts | slow-moving, bulky, closely related to mammals |
| Which reptiles appeared in the Triassic? | archosaurs (crocodiles, dinosaurs, pterosaurs, etc.)They all have an antorbital fenestra |
| Which group followed the first line of crocodiles? | Crurotarsi |
| Which group evolved into pterosaurs, dinosaurs, and birds? | Ornithodira |
| Which species were in the crurotarsi group? | aetosaurs, phytosaurs, rauisuchians, early crocodylomorphs (small, bipedal) |
| What is a basal dinosauromorph? | A species which is closely related to dinosaurs but not in the group. |
| What are some of the Triassic basal dinosaurs? | lagerpetids and silesaurids |
| 230 mya, which 3 species were the earliest of the dinosaurs? | Eoraptor, Herrerasaurus, and Eodromaeus |
| Where were these dinosaurs found? | The Ischigualasto Formation |
| Which is the most primitive sauropodomorph? | Panpahgia |
| Which is the most primitive ornithiscian? | Pisanosaurus |
| What were three characteristic of the first dinosaurs? | Open hip socket, distinct femoral head, and three vertebrae incorporated into the pelvis. |
| From 215 mya, how long did dinosaurs dominate? | the next 135 million years |
| What gave dinosaurs competition, or a competitive edge over other species? | Fully upright posture, bipedalism (free hands), speed, intelligence, warm-blooded |
| Does the fossil record support the competitive edge hypothesis? | No, dinosaurs lived alongside tetrapods and didn't become dominant over them. |
| How long ago was the end-Triassic extinction? | 201.5 mya |
| What did the end-Triassic extinction affect the most? What species? | Plants and animals. rhynchosaurs, dicynodonts, and aetosaurs. |
| What caused conifers to become dominant? | The absence of many groups of seed ferns |
| What is the strongest hypothesis as to what caused the end-Triassic extinction? | Mass outpouring of lava which released large concentrations of greenhouse gases. (Similar to the permo-triassic extinction) |
| Why did some dinosaurs survive through these two mass extinctions? | Luck of the draw or they have characteristics which allow them to survive intense global warming and climate change. |
Created by:
Chelseagirl2508
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