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8thGr-Hist-SupremeCt
8th Grade: STAAR testing: Supreme Court Cases, Wars, Indust Rev, etc.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Marbury v. Madison | establishing judicial review, the Supreme Court can rule a law unconstitutional |
| McCullouch v. Maryland | the Supreme Court ruled that national law is superior to state law. |
| Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sandford) | The Supreme Court ruled that slaves are property and therefore have no rights as citizens |
| French & Indian War | War between the French and the British. They were fighting for control of North America. The consequence was taxes on the colonists. |
| American Revolution | Conflict between the British and their American colonists. Battles included: Lexington & Concord, Saratoga, Yorktown |
| Lexington & Concord | 1775 - first shots of the revolution |
| Saratoga | 1777 - turning point of the revolution because France decided to help colonists |
| Yorktown | 1781 - final battle of the revolution |
| War of 1812 | War began over the impressments of American sailors. Nothing changed after this war. Francis Scott Key wrote the Star Spangled Banner during this war. |
| Battle of New Orleans | 1814 - battle that made Andrew Jackson a hero. Took place after the war ended. |
| Mexican-American War | 1846-1848: War that erupted over annexation of Texas. It ended with Mexico giving the U.S. the Mexican Cession (present day Calif., Ariz, NM, NV, & parts of Colorado and Wyoming). US also purchased a strip of land known as Gadsden Purchase from Mexico |
| Civil War | 1861-1865 War between the North and South over slavery and states' rights |
| Ft. Sumter | 1861 - opening shots of Civil War |
| Gettysburg | 1863 - turning point of Civil War |
| Vicksburg | 1863 - gave the North control of the Mississippi River |
| Appomattox Courthouse | 1865 - Lee surrendered to Grant thus ending the Civil War |
| Cotton gin | machine invented by Eli Whitney that quickly and easily removed the seeds from cotton. This allowed slaves to use their time to pick more cotton, thus causing slavery to continue. |
| Interchangeable parts | parts that could be used interchangeably in any machine or item that is the same (ex: guns) |
| Steamboat | a ship that is powered by steam |
| Canal | man made waterway ususally connected to existing lakes, rivers, or oceans |
| Turnpike | a road where a toll or fee is collected |
| Bessemer steel process | first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel |
| Cottage industry | the production of goods in the home; producing goods by hand |
| Factory system | the production of goods in a factory setting with the use of machines |
| Technological innovation | new ways of doing things using the latest technology. Improves the way people live and do things |
| Transportation system | development of a system that allows for the transporting of a large amount of people or goods |
| Urbanization | movement of people from rural areas to cities. People moved to be closer to factories |
| Industrialization | production of goods using machines in a factory setting |
| Temperance | social movement that called for the ban of alcohol sales and consumption |
| Prison reform | movement led by Dorothea Dix; called for mentally unstable people to be moved into facilities dedicated to their care |
| Public education | Horace Mann led the common school movement. It allowed all children to be educated in the same setting |
| Abolitionist movement | people who called for an end to slavery |
| Women's rights | movement led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott. They called for equal rights for women. |
| 1607 | Jamestown was established. This is first permanent English settlement in North America. |
| 1776 | Declaration of Independence was written and signed. |
| 1787 | The U.S. Constitution was written. |
| 1803 | Louisiana Purchase |
| 1861 | Civil war starts |
| 1863 | Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address |
| 1865 | Civil War ends |
Created by:
TeresaGill@email.com
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