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The Great Depression
FDR's New Deal
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| FDIC | federal agency which guaranteed that people would not lose their savings if the bank failed, with a limit of $100,000 |
| SEC | new deal agency that was created to regulate the stock market so that people would not be afraid to invest again |
| FERA | gave out $250,000,000 (later doubled) to state and municipal governments who would then pass it on to needy Americans in the form of direct relief |
| Harry Hopkins | friend and advisor to the president who directed the distribution of federal funds to state and local relief agencies |
| CWA | new deal agency that created work for the unemployed to do small scale projects; this will eventually employ over 4 million men |
| boondoggle | a term for unnecessary projects that the government sponsored to create jobs |
| CCC | new deal agency that employed young men to do environmental work. They were payed $30 a month and required to send $25 home to their families |
| NIRA | new deal legislation that was aimed at improving the economy by raising prices. Eventually this legislation was declared unconstitutional by the supreme court |
| NRA | new deal agency that wanted to balance the unstable economy by regulating business and labor practices; businesses that were a part of it put a poster with a blue eagle in their window |
| PWA | a new deal agency that was much like the CWA, but on a much grander scale, such as bridges, hydroelectric facilities, etc. |
| HOLC | a new deal agency that tried to prevent people from losing their homes and farms by reorganizing their mortgage payments |
| FHA | a new deal agency that was able to help potential homebuyers by lowering downpayments on the house, but there were strict standards for every home |
| AAA | federal agency that wanted to raise the prices of food by reducing the amount of surplus (destroying it); paid farmers subsidies for not growing as much as they could |
| TVA | new deal agency which created thousands of jobs while bringing electricity and a modern standard of living to one of the most poverished areas of the country |
| Mary McCleod Bethune | trusted advisor to FDR who gathered and organized a group of black Americans; former educated and one of the highest ranking women; advised president on issues involving black youth |
| black cabinet | group of black Americans that informally advised FDR in certain issues faced by African Americans in the Depression |
| Second New Deal | a new series of laws that were bolder and more aggressive, included more social welfare programs, more strict controls on big businesses, greater support of labor unions, and higher taxes for the rich |
| NYA | new deal agency that worked to employ youth ages 16-25 and helped them to get a high school education, some sense of sicial life; it employed counselors to help teens deal with problems |
| WPA | new deal agency that funded creative works of artists and writers: 2000 murals, 17,000 sculptures, and the federal theatre project |
| FSA | new deal agency that gave tenant and migrant farmers loans with little or no interest with small payments to buy their own farms; relocated migrant workers to other areas of the country where they could find work |
| REA | new deal agency that put thousands of people to work by bringing electricity and a modern standard of living to people in rural areas |
| Wagner Act | legalized union activities, collective bargaining, and close shop; made anti-union activities illegal |
| NLRB | new deal agency which enforced the legality of union activities |
| John L. Lewis | long time labor leader who during the 1930s led the nation's first important labor union for unskilled workers |
| CIO | created during the 1930s, it was the first nationwide labor union for unskilled workers |
| SSA | new deal agency which provided old age pensions, disability payments, and unemploymen benefits, among other things for Americans |
| Alf Landon | republican candidate for the presidency in 1936; the republican party knew FDR would win the election, so they chose this governor of Kansas |
| American Liberty League | group of Americans that felt that the new deal was unAmerican, unConstitutional, and dangerously close to communism |
| Alfred E. Smith | liberal democrat who headed the ALL, a group of conservative business leaders who opposed the new deal |
| demagogues | charismatic speakers who rose to positions of power/authority by using half-truths, empty promises, prejudice and fears |
| Francis Townsend | demagogue who devised a plan to pay every American over teh age of 60 $200 a month to keep them in middle class and circulate money back into the economy; his plan inspired FDR to create the SSA |
Created by:
thepianist
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