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history
notes
| Herbert Hoover | In charge of food administration, cut down on waste and rationed food. |
| Propaganda | Use of posters, newspapers, movies to get the message out: “A lean garbage can “ Clean your plate.” “ Food will win the war.” |
| Special Days | Wheatless- Mondays and Weds Meatless- Tuesdays Porkless- Thursdays and Sat |
| Victory Gardens | People were encouraged to plant gardens to grow their own food. Farm production rose 25%. |
| Fuel Rationing | Coal production increased 40%. People encouraged drive less. |
| Special Days | Heatless Monday’s lightless nights. |
| Daylight savings time | Put an extra hour on the evening by moving your clock ahead 1 hr. |
| Bond Drive- | People were asked to buy war bonds= victory bonds. |
| Taxes | Raised to help pay for war. Double the income tax. |
| Wilson issues his 14 points- | - Point 14 to form a League of Nations. |
| Espionage Act 1917 | - $10.000 fine, up to 20 yrs in prison for anyone interfering with the draft, or encouraging disloyalty. |
| Sedition Act of 1917 | - Anyone who wrote criticism of the government. |
| Selective Service Act of 1917- | - all men between the ages of 21-30 must register for the draft. Later moved to 18-45 yrs. In 18 months we had an army of 4 million men. |
| Women- | For the first time women admitted to the armed forces. 11, 000 will join the Navy. |
| Gen. John | “Balck Jack” |
| Bolshevik Revolution in Russia- | Lenin and his communist take over the government. Lenin takes Russia out of the war. German soldiers move to the Western Front. |
| Desperate needs for American Troops- Spring 1918 | German soldiers now out number allies. |
| The Race for France- | the cry went out for American troops: Save France from the Germans. |
| Troops- | We would land 1.7 million men—this would tip the balance. |
| Eddie Rickenbacker | First American Ace. Shot down 22 planes “The Red Barron” German ace, painted his plane red. |
| Turning point of the War | The Second battle of The Marne July 15, 1918. Hermans launch a massive attack on Paris, but in three days lose steam. |
| Counter attack by Foch- | This major counter attck pushes the Germans back and Then Pershing forms an Independent American Army under his control and atacks with over ½ million men. Germans are over whelmed by this display of manpower. We capture 16,000 men in 3 days. |
| Meuse Argonne battle | the largest American offensive in the war. Would last from Sept until Nov 11, 1918 |
| Hindenburg Line Broken- | Over 1 million men involved. This line protected Germany. Hindenburg tells Berlin the could only hold for 48hrs. “Ask for Peace” |
| German goverement changes- | aske for peace based on Wilson’s 14pts. |
| Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated Nov 8th- | Flees German. Goes to Holland. |
| Armistice- | Nov 11, 1918 @ 11 a.m. The war will come to an end!!! |
| Peace Conference- The Treaty -The Big Four- | David Lloyd George- England Geroge Clemenceau- France Vittorio Orlando- italy Woodrow Wilson- U.S.A |
| War Guilt | Germany had to admit they caused the war & pay $33 billion in reparations. |
| Alsace | - Lorrain- would go to France. |
| German colonies | Mostly in Africa taken away. |
| Saar Basin | Given to France for 15 years: then the people would vote whether to return to Germany or not. |
| League of Nations | We would call it the United Nations. To Solve problems between nations without war. |
| Senate divided | Henry Cabot Lodge- the senate votes NO! on the treaty. |
| Vote on the treaty -voted down twice | One with reservations and once without them. We never sign his treaty. |
| Spanish Flu | In the spring of 1918, lasted one year. 22 million people would die worldwide. ½ million in the U.S. |
| Economy- | BOOM! People had money and wanted the good things in life. Move into the 20’s “Roaring” |
| Racial Problems | Summer of 1919: The summer of riots. |
| The Red Scare | The fear that communism would spread to the U.S. 249 people deported back to Russia. |
| Sacco and Vanzetti | Accused of payroll robbery and murder. The judge was biased; they were electrocuted. |
| Election of 1920 | Republicans- Harding and Coolidge Democrats- Cox and Franklin D. Roosevelt. |
| Campaign 1920 | The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote. This would be the first election. |
| Results 1920 | Harding had a front porch campaign like Mckinley. |
| Administration of harding 1920- 1923 | Ranking tie for 37 out of 39, Next to last place failure. |
| League of nations | U.S not a member |
| Isolation | U.S didn’t want to be part of the world’s problems. Leave us alone. |
| Veteran’s bureau- Charles Forbes | 200 million that was to go to the veteran’s hospitals disappeared. |
| Albert Fall (scandal) | Sec of the Interior sold or leased to the Navy control of the reserves. He received 400, 000 in “Loans.” |
| Edwin Doheny (Scandal) | Sec of Navy Sold the oil to Sinclair oil. Fall got a year in jail, Doheny acquitted. |
| Harding’s vacation and death | while on a speaking and fishing trip to Alaska, Harding gets food poisoning. Seems to get better, but dies in San Francisco. Great public grief; people didn’t know of the scandals. |
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rmartinez23
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