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Chp. 15 Vocab Words
WWII
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Unconditional Surrender | Is a surrender without conditions, in which no guarantees are given to the surrendering party. |
| Saturation Bombing | An extensive and systematic bombing intended to devastate a large target. |
| Tuskegee Airmen | Is the popular name of a group of African American pilots who fought in World War II. |
| Battle of Midway | One of the most decisive U.S. victories against Japan during World War II. |
| Executive Order 8802 | Was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 25, 1941, to prohibit racial discrimination in the national defense industry. |
| Bracero Program | Was a series of laws and diplomatic agreements, initiated by an August 1942 exchange of diplomatic notes between the United States and Mexico, for the importation of temporary contract laborers from Mexico to the United States. |
| Internment | Is the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial. |
| Korematsu v. U.S. | Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship. |
| 442nd Regimental Combat Team | Was a regimental size fighting unit composed almost entirely of American soldiers of Japanese descent who volunteered to fight in World War II even though their families were subject to internment. |
| Rationing | Is the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services. |
| OWI | Was a U.S. government agency created during World War II to consolidate government information services. |
| D-Day | Was used for the day of the actual landing, which was dependent on final approval. |
| Battle of the Bulge | Was a major German offensive launched through the densely forested Ardennes mountain region of Wallonia in Belgium, and France and Luxembourg on the Western Front towards the end of World War II. |
| Island Hopping | Is a term that refers to the means of crossing an ocean by a series of shorter journeys between islands, as opposed to a single journey directly across the ocean to the destination. |
| Kamikaze | Were suicide attacks by military aviators from the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II, designed to destroy warships more effectively than was possible with conventional attacks. |
| Manhattan Project | Was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. |
| Holocaust | Was the mass murder or genocide of approximately six million Jews during World War II, a programme of systematic state-sponsored murder by Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, throughout German-occupied territory. |
| Anti-Semitism | Is prejudice, hatred of, or discrimination against Jews for reasons connected to their Jewish heritage. |
| Nuremberg Laws | Were antisemitic laws in Nazi Germany introduced at the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. |
| Kristallnacht | Was a pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on 9–10 November 1938, carried out by SA paramilitary and civilians. |
| Genocide | Is "the deliberate and systematic destruction of, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group",[1] though what constitutes enough of a "part" to qualify as genocide has been subject to much debate by legal scholars. |
| Concentration Camps | A camp where civilians, enemy aliens, political prisoners, and sometimes prisoners of war are detained and confined, typically under harsh conditions. |
| Death Camp | Were camps built by Nazi Germany during World War II (1939–45) to systematically kill millions of people by gassing and extreme work under starvation conditions. |
| War Refugee Board | Was a U.S. executive agency created to aid civilian victims of Nazi Germany and its allies. |
| Yalta Conference | Was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union. |
| Superpower | Is a state with a dominant position in the international system which has the ability to influence events and its own interests and project power on a worldwide scale to protect those interests. |
| GATT | Was a multilateral agreement regulating international trade. |
| United Nations | Is the world's largest, foremost, and most prominent international organization. |
| Universal Declaration of Human Rights | is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 at Palais de Chaillot, Paris. |
| Geneva Convention | Comprise four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish the standards of international law for the humanitarian treatment of war. |
| Nuremberg Trials | Were a series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces of World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany. |
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