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Am. His. Lesson 5
American History 1945-2008
| Definiton | Term |
|---|---|
| Policy declaring America's intention to use cooperation and friendship in dealing with latin America | Good Neighbor Policy |
| The alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan who fought against the allied powers | Axis Powers |
| Acts the forbade sending or lending money to belligerents in the war and all trade be conducted on a cash-and-carry basis | neutrality acts |
| Plan that allowed the U.S. to sell, lend, lease, or transfer wat materials to any country vital to the U.S. | lend-lease |
| Japanese war planes attacked U.S. naval forces at Pearl Harbor, sinking several ships and killing 2400 American sailors | Pearl Harbor |
| The day Allied troops crossed the English Channel and opened a second front in Western Europe, June 6, 1944. | D-Day |
| Wartime conference of the Allies where they agreed to final plans for the defeat of Germany and the terms of its occupation | Yalta Conference |
| Final wartime meeting of the leaders of the U.S., Great Britain, and the Soviet Union | Potsdam Conference |
| The boundary in Europe that divided eastern and western Europe | Iron Curtain |
| American Plan to control and eventually outlaw nuclear weapons | Baruch Plan |
| Basic strategy of the U.S. throughout the Cold War | containment |
| Doctrine that the U.S. was committed to support free people everywhere | Truman Doctrine |
| Massive economic aid program to rebuild war-torn economies of western European nations | Marshall Plan |
| Military mutual-defense pact between the U.S., Canada, and ten European nations | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) |
| The U.S. carried out an effort to supply the blockade in Berlin | Berlin airlift |
| Anti-union legislation that outlawed the closed shop and secondary boycotts | Taft-Harley Act |
| Southern democrats who bolted form their party and supported Governor Strom Thurmond | Dixiecrats |
| Committee that attempted to uncover and punish those suspected of aiding the communist cause | House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) |
| Response with nuclear weapons to the threat of Communist aggression | massive retaliation |
| Rebels besieged a French garrison at Dien Bien Phu and after the U.S. refused to intervene, it fell to the communists | Dien Bien Phu |
| Britain and France launched an armed attack to regain control of the Suez Canal | Suez Crisis |
| The Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth | Sputnik |
| Term warning about the danger of massive defense spending and close relationships betweent the armed forces | miltiary-industrial complex |
| Inexpensive homes built in suburban New York to help relieve the postwar shortage | Levittown |
| The booming birth rate after World War Two | baby boom |
| Known as "beatniks" for their innovative writing and bizarre behavior | beats |
| Legislation that authorized federal financing of scientific and foreign language programs in the nation's schools and colleges | National Defense Education Act (NDEA) |
| Series of reform measures proposed by President Truman in 1949 | Fair Deal |
| Eisenhower claimed he was liberal toward people but conservative about spending public money | modern Republicanism |
| Legislative that funded a 41,000 mile interstate highway system | Highway Act of 1956 |
| Fought segregation in schools and initiated a long, difficult effort to integrate schools | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka |
| African Americans boycotted the buses in Alabama after Rosa Parks was arrested | Montgomery bus boycott |
| Organization to direct the crusade against segregation | Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) |
| Radical group advocating black power to advocate greater militancy and acts of violence | Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) |
| Emphasized the use of conventional as well as nuclear weapons in meeting threats to American security | flexible response |
| Wall built by the Soviet Union as a barrier to seal off its sector of Berlin | Berlin Wall |
| Group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the CIA to overthrow Fidel Castro | Bay of Pigs |
| Soviet Union came close to nuclear war when President Kennedy insisted peace, which the Soviets eventually agreed to | Cuban missile crisis |
| The campaign program advocated by John F. Kennedy in the 1960 election | New Frontier |
| A bus trip taken by both black and white civil rights advocates | freedom ride |
| Civil rights leaders organize a massive rally in Washington to urge passage of President Kennedy's civil rights bill | March on Washington |
| A new OEO oversaw a variety of programs to help the poor | War on Poverty |
| President Johnson's version of the Democratic reform measures | Great Society |
| Provided Social Security funding for hospitalization insurance for people over 65 and a voluntary plan to cover doctor bills paid in part | Medicare |
| Banned literacy tests for voting rights and provided for federal registrars to ensure the franchise to minority voters | Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
| Resolution giving President Johnson the authority to use armed force in Vietnam | Gulf of Tonkin Resolution |
| Popular college student organization that protested shortcomings in American life | Students for Democratic Society (SDS) |
| Organization that called for equal employment oppurtunity and equal pay for women | National Organization for Women (NOW) |
| Major offensive the Viet Cong launched in the cities of South Vietnam | Tet Offensive |
| Represented the rise of political activism amng organized religion's radical right | Moral Majority |
| Former liberals who advocated a strong stand against communism abroad and free market capitalism at home | neoconservatism |
| The use of laws or regulations to achieve rracial, ethnic, gender, or other types of diversity | affirmative action |
| Agency effort to protect the environment and curb the pollution of the nation's air and water | Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) |
| Relaxation of tension with the Soviet Union as a way to lesson the possibility of nuclear war | detente |
| Treaty limiting the deployment of ABM'S and an agreement to freeze the number of offensive missiles for five years | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) |
| A break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the watergate complex was carried out under the direction of White House employees | Watergate scandal |
| A cartel of oil-exporting nations | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) |
| A general rise in temperatures which expels into earth's atmosphere gases that prevent solar heat from escaping | global warming |
| Amendment designed to guarantee women equal treatment under the law | Equal Rights Amendment |
| Women had a constitutional right to abortion | Roe v. Wade |
| Homosexuals began an effort to win social and legal acceptance and to encourage all gays and lesbians to affirm their sexual identity | gay liberation movement |
| A peace agreement between the leaders of Egypt and Israel at Camp David | Camp David accords |
| Claimed that tax cuts would stimulate the economy by giving individuals a greater incentive to earn more money | supply-side economics |
| Process of cutting back on the scope of federal agencies and relying on the free market | deregulation |
| "Star Wars", proposed the construction of an elaborate antimissile system capable of destroying enemy missiles in outter space | Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) |
| High officials in the Reagan administration secretly selling arms to Iran and using the proceeds to finance the Contra rebels | Iran-Contra affair |
| Agreement provided for the destruction of all intermediate-range nuclear missiles | Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty |
| Banned discrimination against the disabled in employment and mandated easy access to all public and commercial buildings | Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) |
| Code name used by the United States and its coalition partners in waging war against Iraq | Operation Desert Storm |
| Region consisting of a broad band of states running across the South from Florida to Texas | Sunbelt |
| "wetbacks", illegal immigrants | undocumented aliens |
| Free trade plan initiated in the first Bush andministration and enacted by a narrow vote in congress in the the Clinton administration | North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) |
| Republican candidates signed a "contrac" in which they pledged their support in things | Contract with America |
| War aimed to weed out terrorist operatives and their supporters throughout the world | war on terror |
| Nation's policy of acting alone without regard for the support or opposition of other nations | unilateralism |
| Biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons capable of widespread destruction | weapons of mass destruction (WMD) |
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