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Civil Rights Mvment
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Plessy vs. Ferguson | Supreme Court ruling that said that African Americans could have equal facilities but separate from whites |
15th Amendment | Cannot deny a citizen the right to vote |
13th Amendment | Outlawed slavery |
14th Amendment | Citizenship to anyone born in the U.S. |
Jim Crow Laws | Laws enacted in the South to separate white and blacks in public facilities |
Rosa Parks | Refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white person and was arrested. This led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott. |
Brown vs. Board of Education | Supreme Court ruling that said separate schools for blacks and whites were unconstitutional. |
De facto segregation | Segregation by customs or traditions |
24th Amendment | Got rid of Poll Tax, resulted in more African Americans registering to vote |
Little Rock 9 | Students integrated all white Central High School in Arkansas, met harassment, threats, and bullying |
Governor Faubus | Tried to stop Little Rock 9 students from integrating high school. |
Eisenhower | Sent federal army to make sure students were able to integrate Central High School |
Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Resulted from sit-ins, Montgomery bus boycott, march on Washington, Freedom rides; forbid racial and gender discrimination |
Freedom Riders | Road on buses into the south to integrate public facilities - faced many violent situations especially in Birmingham |
Birmingham | Most segregated city of the South, police used police dogs and fire hoses on protesters |
Freedom Summer | Goal was to register African Americans to vote |
Poll Taxes | People were charged tax ($) to vote, kept poor from voting |
Literacy tests | Tests given to be able to vote, more difficult versions were given to African Americans, kept blacks from voting |
Voting Rights Act | Got rid of Literacy tests, outlawed discriminatory voting practices; contributed to more African Americans registering to vote |
Martin Luther King Jr. | Became Civil Rights leader during Montgomery Bus Boycott,believed in peaceful, nonviolent protests |
Black Panthers | Wanted to use violence to get black power, believed blacks should continue to be separate from whites, demanded that government provide for African Americans |
James Meredith | African American that integrated Ole Miss University |
Gov. Ross Barnett | Tried to keep black student out of Ole Miss University |
Malcolm X | Wanted to use violence to get black rights; hated whites, black separatism |
Bull Conner | Police Commissioner that allowed police dogs to attack protesters in Birmingham |
Montgomery Bus Boycott | 13- month mass protest in which all black citizens stayed off buses |
De jure segregation | Segregation resulting from laws |
Goal of Civil Rights Movement | Get rid of legal segregation |