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VaUS Midterm Review
Key Terms, People, Events, and Concepts
| Term/Question | Definition/Answer |
|---|---|
| What were some of the effects of European exploration of the Americas? | Redistribution of the world's population Exchange of goos and ideas across continents Establishment of permanent settlements |
| Virginia and the Southern colonies were settled by people seeking this | Economic opportunities |
| The first permanent English settlement was established here | Jamestown |
| In what year was the first permanent English settlement established? | 1607 |
| The New England colonies were settled by people seeking this | Religious freedom |
| Economic Activities of the New England Colonies | Fishing Shipbuilding Lumber Trade |
| Trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the New World | Triagular Trade |
| Agreement among the Pilgrims, it provided a basis for self-government in the Plymouth Colony | Mayflower Compact |
| How did the colonies benefit England? | The colonies provided England with raw materials and in return bought English goods. |
| What was a result of the Great Awakening? | It led to a rejection of traditional authority. |
| Why would Britain oppose the colonies manufacturing goods? | The British wanted the colonies to purchased manufactured goods from Britain. |
| He preached a warning to "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" | Jonathan Edwards |
| As the colonial population grew, colonist began to move --- which caused conflct with --- | West Native Americans (and the French) |
| Effects of the French and Indian War | Great Britain first taxes the colonists. Colonists begin questioning their relationship with Great Britain. |
| Author of "Common Sense" | Thomas Paine |
| Advice given to the colonists in "Common Sense" | " 'Tis time to part" |
| Which Enlightenment thinker influence Thomas Jefferson's writing of the Declaration of Independence? | John Locke |
| Identify 3 natural rights | Life, Liberty, Property |
| Battle that started the American Revolution | Lexington and Concord |
| Turning point of the American Revolution | Saratoga |
| Why is Saratoga considered the turning point of the American Revolution? | It resulted in the French entering the war to help the Americans win. |
| Which founding father traveled to France and help to convince the French that they should help the Americans fight the British? | Benjamin Franklin |
| The first attempt by the founding fathers to create a working framework of government | Articles of Confederation |
| Identify several weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | No executive branch Government could not raise taxes Weak federal government No common currency |
| Why did the authors of the Articles of Confederation create a weak central government? | To avoid a strong, dominant government similar to the rule of a king |
| Father of the Constitution, he wrote the Bill of Rights and the Virginia Plan | James Madison |
| Author of the Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| System of government in which power is shared between the national (or federal) government and the states | Federal system of government (federalism) |
| To determine representation in the legislative branch, the founding fathers combined parts of two plans, the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, to create this compromise | The Great Compromise |
| Describe the legislative branch as created by the Great Compromise | Two-house legislature (bicameral) House of Representatives (membership based on population) Senate-equal represenation |
| Two Virginia documents that influenced the Bill of Rights | Virginia Declaration of Religious Freedom Virginia Declaration of Rights |
| To resolve the conflict over how to count enslaved persons in regards to representation, the founding fathers agreed to this compromise | 3/5 Compromise |
| What effect did the Louisiana Purchase have on the United States? | It doubled the size of the country. |
| How did the Louisiana Purchase contradict Jefferson's idea of the role of government? | Jefferson had believed in strict construction of the Constitution. He wasn't sure if purchasing the Louisiana Territory was constitutional or not. |
| Causes of the War of 1812 | British interference with American shipping Impressment |
| The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions declared that states had the right to do this... | Declare federal laws unconstitutional Declare federal laws null and void |
| Belief that Americans should own and control the lands from the Atlantic border to the Pacific Ocean | Manifest Destiny |
| Eli Whitney's invention | Cotton Gin |
| Explain the effect of Eli Whitney's invention. | The machine could remove seeds from the cotton a lot faster, increasing the production of cotton. However, the number of slaves needed to pick the cotton increased dramatically. |
| Andrew Jackson's practice of rewarding supporters with government positions | Spoils system |
| What are tariffs? | Tax on imported goods |
| Why would a country pass tariffs? | To protect a country's economy |
| Identify three inventions that helped promote western expansion and industrialism | Canals Cotton Gin Railroads |
| What factor enabled the North to become a center of manufacturing? | An abundance of water power |
| This 1848 meeting in New York was attended by suffragists | Seneca Falls Convention |
| Allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state | Missouri Compromise |
| Why did Northern states object to Missouri entering the Union as a slave state? | It would give the South an advantage in Congress. |
| List several events leading to the start of the Civil War | Uncle Tom's Cabin "Bleeding Kansas" John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry |
| A result of the Nullification Crisis (states being able to declare a law unconstitutional) was the idea that states could --- from the Union | Secede |
| Act that required all citizens to assist in the return of enslaved people to their owners | Fugitive Slave Act |
| Three parts of the Compromise of 1850 | Slavery was abolished in Washington, D.C. California would enter the U.S. as a free state New Mexico and Utah would decide whether or not slavery would be legal in their states |
| Why did John Brown raid Harper's Ferry? | To seize weapons for use in a slave rebellion |
| William Lloyd Garrison's anti-slavery newspaper | The Liberator |
| Runaway slave who became a prominent abolitionist and encouraged Lincoln to recruit former slaves to fight for the Union | Frederick Douglass |
| He won the Election of 1860 without winning any electoral votes in the South | Abraham Lincoln |
| Name two battles that were turning points of the Civil War | Battle of Gettysburg Battle of Vicksburg |
| Immediate result of Lincoln's election | South Carolina seceded from the Union |
| President of the Confederate States of America | Jefferson Davis |
| Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses were adopted in the Southern States primarily to keep African Americans from-- | exercising their right to vote |
| The effort to rebuild the South after the Civil War | Reconstruction |
| What was a positive result of Reconstruction? | New constitutional amendments expanded the rights of African Americans |
| Amendment that protects the civil rights of all citizens | 14th |
| Amendment that guarantees voting rights to freedmen | 15th |
| Court case that stated slaves were property | Dred Scott (Scot v Sanford) |
| Veto of the National Bank, Corrupt Bargain,and Trail of Tears are all associated with the presidency of | Andrew Jackson |
| Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation? | Abraham Lincoln |
Created by:
jknoxville
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