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Lecture 13 Wrld Dnsr
Horn-heads and dome-heads
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Marginocephalians belong to what group? | Ornithiscians |
| What 2 groups are the marginocephalians split into? | Pachycephalsauria (dome, bone-headed) & Ceratopsia (horned) |
| Early characteristics of the marginocephalians? | small-bodied and bipedial |
| What does "marginocephalian" mean? | margin-headed |
| Which of the two groups of marginocephalia are from the cretaceous of Europe, Asia, and N. America? Also they are found sparsely IF found. | Pachycephalosaurus |
| Other group: Very successful, found in abundant remains in the late cretaceous of N. America and Asia | Ceratopsians |
| Pachycephalosaurs Anatomy: (mr. burns dinosaur) | Thickened skull domes (thickened frontals and parietals), bipedal, leaf-shaped/serrated teeth |
| Ceratopsians anatomy: | Frill (made from parietals and squamosal bones), horns |
| Who is the oldest ceratopsian? | Yinlong |
| Which ceratopsian is small-bodied, bipedal, and nicknamed the "parrot-lizard"? | Psittacosaurs |
| Group of mid-sized ceratopsians who are thought to be bipedal while others of this same group were quadrupedal? | Protoceratopsids |
| Compare protoceratopsids to psittacosaurs | protoceratopsids possess longer frills but were shorter. Some had a nasal bump (not a horn). Teeth were more advanced. |
| Were all ceratopsids considered bipedal? | No, they were all quadrupedal. |
| What kind of teeth system did ceratopsids possess? | Complex dental batteries (continuous surface of teeth that were placed in rows so teeth were present when the new were replacing the old.) |
| What hypotheses have been made about the dome head of the pachycephalosaur? | Head-butting, flank butting, sexual or intraspecific display |
| What has been found in ceratopsians for processing food? | Gastrolith, or a gizzard |
| What has there been much controversy about as far as the ceratopsian's movement? | Posture and gait of ceratopsids |
| What hypotheses have been made about ceratopsian horns and frills? | Expanded surface for attachment of large jaw muscles, protection, thermoregulation. The strongest being that the frill is used for display. |
| What indicates that ceratopsids traveled in herds? | Large quantities of ceratopsids in one bonebed. |
Created by:
Chelseagirl2508
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