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8thGrHist-JacksonInd
8th Grade History - Jackson/Industrial Revolution Review 2013
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nominating Conventions | meetings where a political party selects its presidential and vice presidential candidates; first held in 1820's. |
| Spoils system | politician's practice of giving government jobs to their supporters. |
| kitchen cabinet | President Andrew Jackson's group of informal advisors so called because they sometimes met in the White House kitchen. |
| states' rights | belief that the power of the federal government regarding the states is strictly limited |
| textiles | cloth |
| interchangeable parts | process developed by Eli Whitney in the 1790s that called for making each vital part of a machine exactly the same |
| mass production | efficient production of large numbers of identical goods |
| trade union | worker's organizations that try to improve trade and working conditions |
| strikes | refusals of workers to perform their jobs until employers meet their demands |
| telegraph | machine invented by Samuel Morse in 1837 that uses pulses of electric current to send messages across long distances through wires |
| cotton belt | region stretching from Georgia to east Texas where most U.S. cotton was produced during the mid 1800s |
| scientific agriculture | use of scientific techniques to improve crop production |
| yeomen | small landowning farmers |
| spirituals | Emotional Christian songs sung by slaves in the South that mixed African and European elements and usually expressed slaves' religious beliefs |
| terms of the Adam-Onis Treaty | Spain gave east and west Florida to the US and in return they gave its claims to what is now Texas. |
| Monroe Doctrine | President's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that the US would view any attempt by a foreign country to colonize as a hostile act. |
| regional dispute that arose in 1819 | if Missouri entered the union, it would make the slave states and the non-slave states unbalanced. |
| Who suggested a compromise during the regional dispute in 1819? | Henry Clay |
| What was the name of the compromise that was suggested during 1819? | The Missouri Compromise |
| What did the compromise say? | Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state. Maine would join as a free state; and slavery would be prohibited in any new territories or states formed north of the 36 degree 30' latitude - Missouri southern border |
| Who proposed the American System? | Henry Clay's plan |
| What was the American System? | A plan for raising tariffs to pay for internal improvements such as better roads and canals. |
| What was the Cumberland Road? | First road created by the federal government. |
| What did the election of 1824 become known as? | "The Corrupt Bargain" |
| Why did the election of 1824 have problems? | Adams made a "corrupt bargain" with Clay |
| How did the American people feel about Andrew Jackson? | They liked him. They said he had been born poor and rose to success by his own hard work. They saw him as a simple man. |
| Tariff of Abominations | passed by Congress and it was a tariff with really high rates. Angry Southerners called it this. |
| nullification crisis | dispute between the state and federal government. |
| What did Jackson opponents form in 1834? | Formed the Whig Party. |
| What did the group of Jackson opponents in 1834 support? | they supported a weak president and strong legislature. |
| What led to the Panic of 1837? | financial crisis in the US |
| Who took the blame of the Panic of 1837? | Van Buren |
| Who was actually to blame of the Panic of 1837? | Andrew Jackson |
| Who was the Whig candidate in 1840? | William Henry Harrison |
| What was the Whig candidate in 1840 campaign slogan? | "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" |
| Describe the Indian Removal Act. | it authorized the removal of American Indians who lived west of the Mississippi River. |
| What was the Worcester v. Georgia case about? | Supreme Court ruling that the Cherokee Nation was a distinct territory over which only the federal government had authority; ignored by both President Andrew Jackson and the state of Georgia. |
| What was the ruling in the case? | It made Georgia's removal illegal. |
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