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systemic anatomy
system anatomy - holes of the skull/what goes through them
| holes | what traverses the holes |
|---|---|
| parietal foramina | emissary veins |
| condylar canal | Emissary vein from sigmoid sinus to vertebral veins in neck |
| supraorbital foramen | supraorbital n (branch of V1) |
| cribiform plate | olfactory n (CN I) |
| optic canal | optic n (CN II) |
| superior orbital fissure | Ophthalmic veins (superior), Oculomotor nerve (CN 3), Trochlear nerve (CN 4), Ophthalmic nerve (CN 5-1), Abducens nerve (CN 6) |
| foramen rotundum | maxillary n (V2) |
| foramen ovale | Mandibular branch (V3) of trigeminal n. (CN 5), Lesser superficial petrosal nerve (CN 9) |
| foramen spinosum | middle meningeal vessels |
| foramen lacerum | Carotid artery crosses close by, usually filled with cartilage in situ |
| carotid canal | internal carotid artery |
| internal acoustic meatus | CN VII and VIII |
| stylomastoid foramen | CN VII |
| jugular foramen | CN IX, X, and XI and sigmoid sinus |
| hypoglossal canal | hypoglossal n (CN XII) |
| foramen magnum | spinal cord, meninges, vertebral arteries, spinal roots of CN XI, Border between spine and brain stem Vertebral venous plexus |
| greater palatine | greater palatine n (branch of V2) |
| incisive foramen | Anastamosis between posterior septal branch of sphenopalantine artery and greater palantine a. |
| inferior orbital fissure | maxillary div. of CN V (V2) |
| mandibular foramen | inferior alveolar n (V3) |
| mental foramen | mental n (V3) |
| nasolacrimal canal | nasolacrimal (tear) duct |
| zygomaticofacial foramen | zygomaticofacial n (branch of V2) |
| infraorbital foramen | infraorbital n (branch of V2) |
| petrotympanic fissure | auriculotemporal n. (branch of V3), CN7(chorda tympani) |
| Sella Turcica | fossa for pituitary gland |
| Pterygomaxillary fissure | Descending palantine a |
| Pterygopalatine fossa | Descending palantine a. |
| Sphenopalantine foramen | Sphenopalantine a. (nosebleeds) |