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APUSH Ch. 33
The Depression & New Deal
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Hawley-Smoot Tarriff | Meant to assist farmers. Highest peacetime tariff. Raised to 60%. |
Hoovervilles | Shantytowns of tin-and-paper. People fought over garbage and old newspapers for blankets. |
"Rugged Individualism" | |
First "Hundred Days" | Members hastily cranked out an unprecedented basketful of remedial legislation. |
Glass-Steagall Act (1933) | Provided for the Federal Deposit Insurance Coorporation |
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) | Insured individual deposits up to $5,000 (later raised). Ended epidemic of bank failures. |
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) | Provided employment in fresh-air government camps for about 3 million uniformed young men. Kept them from performing criminal acts. Useful work (reforestation, firefighting, flood control, and swamp drainage). Required to send most of their pay home. |
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) | Made millions of dollar available to help farmers meet their mortgages. |
Father Charles Coughlin | Catholic priest in Michigan. Slogan was "Social Justice". Preached anti-New Deal to some 40 million radio fans. Finally silenced in 1942. |
Sen. Huey P. Long | "Share Our Wealth" program. Promised to make "Every Man King". Every family was to receive $5,000. |
Dr. Francis Townsend | Every elder 60+ was to receive $200 a month provided the money be spent within that month. Scheme costed one-half the national income. |
Works Progress Administration (WPA) | Objective was employment on useful projects. Ultimately spent about $11 million on thousands of public buildings, bridges, and hard-surfaced roads. over 8 years, nearly 9 million people were given jobs. |
National Recovery Administration (NRA) | Designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed. Labor was granted additional benefits. |
Public Works Administration (PWA) | Intended both for industrial recovery and unemployment relief. Long-range recover was the primary purpose. In time, over $4 billion was spent on some 34,000 projects including public buildings, highways, and parkways. |