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Chapter 1 SS
Native Americans and Explorers
| term+question | answer+definition |
|---|---|
| How did the first Americans get here? | Bering Land Bridge |
| Why did the first Americans come to America? | Paleo-Indians crossed the Bering Land Bridge |
| Who were the first to come to America? | Paleo-Indians |
| Bering Land Bridge | a strip of land that rose as the sea level fell during the ice age |
| migration | movement of people or animals from one nation to another |
| Paleo-Indians | first people to come to America |
| Makah | homes:earthen lodges jobs: hunters, farmers, and fishers government: Chief makes all the decisions religion: believed in spirits of nature, used whales food: berries, clams, mussels, salmon, and whale |
| Hopi | homes: Adobe jobs: cooking, caring for home, harvesting, weaving clothes, perform ceremonies government: priests religion: used snakes food: rabbits, mammoths, bison, buff |
| Mandan | homes:mud lodges and tepees jobs: hunters, farmers, cooks, caring for kids government: village chief and war chief religion: used buffalo food: |
| Iroquois | homes:long wooden houses jobs:making clothes, farming government:Iroquois Creek Council religion: believed in multiple nature spirits |
| Creek | homes:houses on mountains jobs:hunters, harvesters government:Village chief called Mico's religion: used green corn |
| Aztec | homes:Adobe jobs:farming, metalworking, trading, weaving, hunting, soldier, carpentry, care for house, care for kids cook government:emperor, surfs, commoners, nobles, and slaved religion:sacrificed |
| 2 reasons why the Iroquois Constitution is related to the US Constitution | 1)women have rights, everyone has equal 2)rights of festivals, right of religion |
| matrilineal | power past down to mothers line |
| Iroquois League | union of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca (the Five Nations) |
| Iroquois Constitution | Iroquois laws of peace |
| What attracted settlers to North America? | gold, glory, God, grace, and animals and land |
| What is the population of Native Americans living in America before 1942? | 2-10 million |
| What are some events that happened during the Dark Ages that made exploration possible? | Viking raids, Germanic tribes fought each other, Feudalism developed |
| Caravels | small fast Spanish ship |
| Astrolobe | device that enabled travels to determine where they were based on the stars |
| Why did African kings participate in slave trade? | 1)send prisoners and traitors as slaves 2)trade slaves for guns, horses, and other goods |
| Why did European countries start western sea exploration? | an easier sea route to Asia and not get attacked by Portugal |
| What are the 4 G's of exploration? | Glory, Gold, God, Grace |
| What are the "Fab Five" countries? | England, Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, and France |
| Renaissance | rebirth of art, literature, and science |
| Leif Erikson | Date:1000 Worked For:Norway Goal:explore Greenland and is and adventurous person Description:sailed to Greenland but wind blowed ship to America |
| Christopher Columbus | Date: October 12, 1492 Worked For: Spain Goal: find a short sea route to Asia Description:Sailed to America thinking it was a quicker way to Asia.first recorded explorer to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Believed he was in India |
| Amerigo Verspucci | Date: 1501 Worked For: Spain Goal:wanted riches from America, explored South America and was the first to believe it was a separate continent Description:led a Spanish fleet to the coast of South America |
| Ferdinand Magellan | Date: 1519 Worked For: Spain Goal: first to circumnavigate the Earth Description:sailed the coast of South Africa and down the Pacific Ocean |
| Hernan Cortes | Date: 1519 Worked For: Spain Goal: searching for wealth Description: conquered Aztec and defeated king Moctezulma |
| Francisco Pizarro | Date:1534 Worked For: Spain Goal: conquer Inca who ruled in some parts of North America Description: conquered Inca and killed their leaders |
| Juan Ponce De Leon | Date: 1508 Worked For: Spain Goal:search for islands of Bimini and the fountain of youth Description: conquered Porto Rico for Spain and found San Juan |
| Hernando de Soto | Date: 1539 Worked For: Spain Goal: Explore Gulf of Mexico, gold, glory, God, and grace Description: discovered Mississippi River, went through Georgia, The Carolina's, Appalachian Mountains, and Oklahoma |
| Alvar Ninez Cabeza de Vaca | Date: 1528 Worked For: Spain Goal: conquer North America Description: joined expedition to North American and landed in Florida, Crew died except for four |
| Francisco Vasquez de Cornodo | Date: 1540 Worked For: Spain Goal: explore North America Southwest and find the Seven Cities of Gold Description: never found the Seven Cities of Gold and expedition went to New Mexico and Arizona |
| John Cabot | Date: 1497 Worked For: England Goal: find Northwest Passage for the king of England, claim North America for England Description: traveled along the coast of present day Canada and North America |
| Giovanni de Verrazano | Date: 1524 Worked For: France Goal: search for Northwest Passage Description: sailed across North Carolina to New York |
| Jacques Cartier | Date: 1534 Worked For: France Goal: claim areas for France and search for Northwest Passage Description: sailed to Canada and the St. Lawrence River |
| Henry Hudsan | Date: 1610 Worked For: England Goal: search for Northwest Description: sailed farther North than any previous sailor |
| Rene Robert de La Salle | Date: 1679 Worked For: France Goal: find the Mississippi River Description: claimed Mississippi Valley and named it Louisiana |
| Northwest Passage | sea passage along the north coast of North America |
| conquistador | a conquerer |
| What did countries Spain occupy? | Mexico, South America, Central America |
| What did countries France occupy? | Louisiana, Canada |
| What did countries England occupy? | East Coast |
| What did countries Netherlands occupy? | New York |
| What did countries Portugal occupy? | Brazil |
| What did the Old World get from the Colombian Exchange? | corn, squash, pineapple, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, potatoes, cacao, peppers, tobacco, beans, vanilla, turkeys, tomatoes, and peanuts |
| What did the New World get from the Colombian Exchange? | guns, onions, olives, citrus fruit, grains, livestock,coffee beans, grapes, bananas, peaches, pears, sugar cane, honey bees, and disease |
| What is the Ecomienda System? | a system that gives settlers the right to tax Native Americans and convert them to Christianity |
| What was the impact on disease brought by the Europeans? | many Native Americans died. |
| Who is Bartolome de Las Casas? | A Spanish Priest who believed the Spanish were mean and cruel to the Native Americans |
| What are positive and negative effects of the Age of Exploration? | positive: America gained many crops, livestock, and guns negative: disease killed many Native Americans, Native Americans were tortured, used as slaves, and killed |
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