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Chapter 8 vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Progressivism | A movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms. |
muckracker | A writer who uncovers and exposes misconduct in politics or business. |
Social gospel | A reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century that sought to improve society by applying Christian principles. |
settlement house | A community center organized at the turn of the twentieth century to provide social services to the urban poor. |
direct primary | An election in which citizens themselves vote for select nominees for upcoming elections. |
initiative | A process in whichs citizens put a proposed new law directly on the ballot. |
referendum | A process that allows citizens to apporve or reject a law passed by a legislature. |
recall | A process by which voters can remove elected officials from office before their terms end. |
NCL | A group organized in 1889 to investigate the conditions under which goods were made and sold to promote safe working conditions and a minimum wage. |
temperance movement | A movement aimed at stopping alcohol abuse and the problems created by it. |
suffrage | The right to vote. |
NAWSA | A group founded in 1890 that worked on both the state and national levels to earn women the right to vote. |
Nineteeth amendment | A constitutional amendment that gave women the right to vote. |
Americanization | A belief that assimilating immigrants into American society would make them more loyal citizens. |
Niagera Movement | A group of African American thinkers founded in 1905 that pushed for immiediate racial reforms, particularly in education and voting practices. |
Urban league | A network of churches and clubs that set up employment agencies and relief efforts to help African Americans get settled and find work in the cities. |
Anti-Deformation league | A organization formed in 1913 to defend jews against physical and verbal attacks and false statements. |
mutualistas | A organized group of Mexican- American that make loans and provide legal assistance to other memebers of their community. |
NAACP | Interraical organization founded in 1909 to abolish segragretion and discrimination and to achieve political and civil rights for African Americans. |
Square deal | President Theodore Roosevelt's program of reforms to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor. |
Hepburn act | A 1906 law that gave the government the authority to set railroad rates and maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls, and oil pipelines. |
Meat inspection act | A 1906 law that allowed the federal government to inspect meat sold the state lines and required federal inspection of meat processing plants. |
Pure food and drug act | A 1906 law that allowed federal inspection of food and medicine and medicine and banned the interstate shipment and sale of impure food and the mislabling of food and drugs. |
National Reclamation Act | A 1906 law that gave the federal government the power to decide where and how water would be distributed through the building and management of dams and irrigation projects. |
New Nationalism | President Theodore Roosevelt's plan to restore the government trustbusting power. |
Progressive party | Political party that emerged from the Taft-Roosevelt battle that spilt the Republican party in 1912 |
New Freedom | Woodrow Wilson's program to place government controls on corporations in order to benefit small businesses. |
Sixteenth Amendment | A 1913 constitutional amendment that gave congress the authority to levy income tax. |
Federal Reserve Act | A 1913 law that placed national banks under the control of a federal reserve board, which runs regional banks that hold the reserve funds from commerical banks, set interest rates, and supervises commerical banks. |
Federal Trade Commission | Government agency established in 1914 to indentify monopolistic business practices, false advertising, and dishonest labeling. |
Clayton Antitrust act | A 1914 law that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act. |