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H&A Chap 1,3,5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Anatomy | Study of structure and relationships among structures may be microscopic |
| What is physiology | study of function function is related to structure |
| What is the basic unit of life | cells |
| What is the 4 types of tissue | Muscle, Connective, Nerve, Epithelial |
| What are some examples of organs that compose of 2 or more diffrent tissues? | stomach, heart, liver |
| Define Differentiation | Unspecialized cells (stem cells) cells specialized to perform certain function |
| empithelial membranes composed of...... | epithelial layer & connective tissue layer |
| What does the skin consists of..... | superficial, thin epidermis, deep thicker dermis |
| Where is mucous membrane (mucosa) located? | lines cavities OPEN to the outsideDigestive, respiratory, urinary,reproductive stystems |
| What is the structure of mucous membrane epithelial layer? | often columnar or pseudostratified ciliated columnar with goblet cells to mucus |
| Connective tissue mucous membrane connective tissue layer structure | Lamina propria often areolar connective tissue binds membrane to underlying tissue |
| what is the functions of mucous membrane? | protection, secretion, absorption |
| Where is serous (serosa) membrane located? | Lines cavities NOT open to outisde and covers organs in the cavity |
| What is the structure of serous membrane? | composed of mesothelium simple squmous epithelial and loose areolar connective tissue |
| Visceral layer is | tight around organ |
| Parietal layer is | loose, lines wall of body cavity |
| What are the 3P's | pleura, pericardium, peritoneum |
| What is the function of serous membrane? | secretes serous fluid to reduce friction between layers of membrane |
| What is membrane | flate sheet of tissue that covers or lines part of the body |
| What are a fact about synovial membrane | not an epithelial membrane |
| where is synovial membrane located | lines joint cavities, make up tendon sheaths, cover bursa |
| What is the structure of synovial membrane | not epithelial, and composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose (fat) |
| What is the function of synovial membrane | secrets synovial fluid to reduce friction in joint |
| What does stratum basale consist of | 1 layer of cuboidal cells (ALOT MITOSIS) |
| What does stratum spinosum consist of | Prickle cells many Desmosomes |
| What does Stratum granulosum consist of | Cells die some cells produce keratin |
| What does stratum lucidum consist of | dead cells and cells are translucent |
| What does stratum corneum consist of | 25-30 layers of dead cells flat filled with keratin |
| Dense irregular contains | bv, lymph vessels, sensory receptors, part of hair follicle, arrector pili muscle |
| Dermal papillae is | bumps on dermis epidermal ridges overlie these (Finger print) |
| Histology is | study of tissue similar cells similar function |
| What is cell junction | cells tightly packed together and are most common in epithelial tissue |
| What are the 5 types of Junction? | tight junction, plaque bearing junction, gap juction,adherens junction,desomosomes, hemidesmosomes |
| What is tight junction? | prevent fluid leaking like ZIPLOCK BAG |
| Where is tight junction found? | epithelial cells near surface body like lining of stomach and intestine |
| What is plaque bearing junction? | dense protein and holds cells together |
| Adherens junction forms..... | belt around entire cell |
| what is desmosome | "Spot Welding" in epidermis lining of small intestine, contains filaments and plaque |
| Gap Junction..... | allow material like protein to pass one cell to another |
| Where is gap junction found? | Cardiac muscle interclated discs |
| Description of epithelium | closely packed cells,arrange single or multiple layers, always have apical surface, NO BV |
| Function of epithelium | protection in areas high friction like esophagus, respiratory tract, anus absorption and found in kidney tuble, small intestine |
| Simple means | one layer |
| stratified means | multiple layers |
| pseudostratified means | looks like more than one layer but isn't |
| transitional means | shape changes depending on fullness of organ |
| simple squamous epithelium is | one layer of thin "scale like cells" |
| simple squamous epithelium is located | cardiovascular and lymphatic system ex.alveoli in lungs, Bc kidney,capillaries and other BV |
| Simple squamous is part of.... | serous membranes |
| simple squaous function is | diffusion, osmosis, filtration |
| simple cubodial epithelium description is | single layer of cube like cells |
| simple cubodial epithlium function is | secretion and absorbtion ex are kidney tubles and glands |
| simple cubodial epithlium location is | kidney tubles and surface of ovary |
| simple columnar epithelium is | one layer of cylindrical cells with microvilli at apical surface and goblet cells |
| simple columnar epithelium function is | secretion and abosorption( small intestine with microvillie) |
| stratified squamous epithelium is | many layers that are flat deeper layers are cuboidal/columnar mitosis in deepest layers (BASAL Layers |
| Stratified squamous epithelium location is | epidermis, sometimes contain keratin mouth, esphagus, anus and vagina not keratinized |
| Stratified squamous epithelium function is | protection found in areas of high friction |
| Stratified columnar and cuboidal is | urethra |
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium | 1layer looks like multiple |
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium location is | upper respiratory tract (trachea) |
| pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium functions is | protection and secretion goblet cells to mucus have cilia |
| Transitional epithelium is | multiple layers acts like sponge |
| transitional epithelium location is | urinary bladder, parts of ureter and urethra |
| transitional epithelium function is | allows urinary ograns stretch hold amount of fluid without rupturing |
| glandular epithelium is | glands composed of one cell or many cells |
| Exocrine glands is | empty thru duct onto body |
| exocrine glands located | sweat, oil, and ear wax glands etc |
| endocrine glands is | secretions dumped into blood |
| endocrine glands found in | pancreas, thyroid pituitary etc |
| Connective tissue location | found between other tissue types composed of matrix |
| connective tissue is | not tighly packed no free surface very vascular good blood supply except cartilage and tendons |
| Connective tissue contains | fibers, nerve supply |
| Three types of fibers are | collagens, elastic, reticular |
| Reticular is | frame for organs |
| Fibro blasts is | spindle shaped cells form fibers and matrix |
| plasma cells from | white blood cells secrete antibodies |
| mast cells is | near bv inflammation allergic reactions |
| Areolar connective tissue contains | 3fibers |
| areolar CT is located | subcutaneous tissue with adipose (packing material) |
| areolar ct function is | bind skin to underlying tissue |
| adipose located in | subcutaneous, around heart, kidney, and spinal cord |
| adipose function is to | insulation, padding energy storage |
| Reticular description is | cut up volleyball net |
| reticular function is | bind cells together |
| reticular is located in | stroma, liver, spleen, lymph nodes |
| Dense irregcular ct is | collagenous fibers pulled in many directions tightly packed irregularly arranged |
| dense irregular ct is located in | periosteum, perichondrium, and dermis of skin |
| dense regular ct is | collagenous fibers arranged in bundles orgainzed poor supply |
| dense regular ct is located in | tendons, ligaments, aaponeurosis |
| dense regular ct function is | strong attachment pulling tension along axis of fibers (TOUGH MOTHER) |
| elastic ct is | lasagna stretchy and strong |
| elastic ct can be found in | large elastic arteries (aorta), lung tissue, trachea |
| Cartilage is | rubbery matric with fibers |
| cartilage can be found in | matrix surrounded by membrane pericondrium |
| cartilage function is | protection, support, some types are flexible |
| ligments are connecting | bone to bone |
| tendons are connection | bone to muscle |
| What are the 3 types of cartilage | hyaline cartilage, elastic, fibro |
| Hyaline cartilage is | not very visble matrix looks smooth cells in lacunae most common type flexible |
| hyaline carilage found in | ends of long bones,fetal skelton, nose trachea, and bronchi |
| elastic cartilage has | many short darkly "hairy eyballs |
| elastic cartilage is found in | lung tissue, external ear, epiglttis |
| Fibro cartilage is | large bundles which stain (TOUGHEST) |
| fibro cartilage located in | veretabra intervertebral disc, pubic symphysis, menisci in knee |
| Bone is | basic unite bone tissue contains osteocytes in lacunae |
| Bone is located in | spongy bone tissue |
| Bone function is | |
| Blood is | vascular containing white blood cells , red blood cells, and platelets |
| Erythorocytes has | no nucleus when mature carries oxygen |
| leukocytes has | large nucleus fight infection |
| platelets has | fragments of cells |
| blood function is | carry oxygen nutrients, wastes hormones |
| Defense is | phagocytosis, antibody production |
| sketal muscle is | straited multinucleated long fibers voluntary |
| skeletal muscle fcuntion is | motion of body and limbs |
| skeletal muscle found in | most attached to bones |
| cardic muscle is | straiated 1 nucleus branching fibers contain interclated discs |
| cardic muscle function is | pump blood |
| cardic muscle located in | heart wall |
| smooth muscle are | fibers and spindle shaped 1 nucleus no straitions involuntary |
| smooth muscle found in | bv, airway, iris of eyes, walls of hallow organs |
| nervous tissue is | composed of nerons and neuroglia |
| neuroglia..... | suppors cells do NOT conduct impluses |
| two places i can find cilia | trachea, fallopian tube, psuestafied ciliated columnar |
Created by:
loulou616
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