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Chapter 1
fertile Cresent
| Term of Vocab | Definition |
|---|---|
| Scribes | Professional writers. |
| City-State | A state with its own special god or goddess,its own government and, eventually, its own king. |
| Ten commandments | Acording to the bible, a code of laws given to the israelites by god. |
| Myths | Stories about gods that explain people's beliefs. |
| king David | First leader of the Israelites; according to the bible, he led his family to Canaan, where he became the founder of a new nation. |
| Fertile Crescent | an area of fertile land in the Middle East, extending around the Rivers Tigris and Euphrates in a semicircle from Israel to the Persian Gulf, where the Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Phoenician, and Hebrew civilizations flourished |
| Tigris River | a river in SW Asia, flowing SE from SE Turkey through Iraq, joining the Euphrates to form the Shatt-al-Arab. 1150 miles (1850 km) long. |
| Euphrates River | a river in SW Asia, rising in E Turkey and flowing south across Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris, forming the Shatt-al-Arab, which flows to the head of the Persian Gulf: important in ancient times for the extensive irrigation of its valley. |
| Sumer | the S region of Babylonia; seat of a civilization of city-states that reached its height in the 3rd millennium bc |
| Dead Sea | A salt lake between Israel and Jordan;the dead see is the lowest point on earth. |
| nineveh | Capital of Assyria. |
| Covenant | A river flowing south from turkey through Syria and Iraq |
| Emphire | Manny territories and people who are controlled by one government. |
| Code | An organized list of laws and rules |
| excile | To force someone to live in another country. |
| Mesopotamia | An acient region between the tigris and euphrates river in southwest asia. |
| cuneiform | A form of writing that uses groups os wedges and lines;used to write severl languages of the fertile crescent. |
| Caravans | A group of traders traveling together. |
| Bazaar | A market selling different kinds of goods. |
| Famine | A time when there is so little food that manny starve. |
| Poly Theism | The belief in manny gods or goddesses. |
| Alphabet | A set of symbols that represent the sounds of a language. |
| Ziguart | A temple of the ancient sumerians and babylonias, made of terraces connected by ramps and stairs,roughly in the shape of a pyramid. |
| Chariot | The chariot is the earliest and simpliest type of carriage. |
| Babylon | Center of Babylonia Emphire. |
| Soloman | King of the iraelites after david. |
| Torah | The most scared text of the israelites that recorded laws and events of their history. |
| Moses | Israelite leader;led the israelites from eygpt to canaan;according to the bible;he received the ten commandments from God. |
| Medes and Chaldeans | Over threw Assyrian in 612 B.C |
| Hammurabi | King of Babylon from 1792 to 1750 b.C; creator of babylonian emphire; established one of the oldest code of law. |
| Babylon Emphire | A historical kingdom of northern mesopotamia around present day in iraq and turkey. |
| Nebuchadnezzer | King of new babylonian emphire from 605 to 561 B.C |
| Zagros Mountains | One of the borders of mesopotamia. |
| Phonenicians | A group of people who love to explore |
| tributary | a stream, river, or glacier that feeds another larger one a person, nation, or people that pays tribute |
| Abraham | the first of the great Biblical patriarchs, father of Isaac, and traditional founder of the ancient hebrew nation: considered by Muslims an ancestor of the Arab peoples through his son Ishmael. |
| Assyrians | a native or an inhabitant of Assyria. |
| persian gulf | an arm of the Arabian Sea, between SW Iran and Arabia. 600 miles (965 km) long. |
| Tyre | an ancient seaport of Phoenicia: one of the great cities of antiquity, famous for its navigators and traders; site of modern Sur. |
| reform | the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.: social reform; spelling reform. |
| Black sea | a sea between Europe and Asia, bordered by Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Georgia, and the Russian Federation. 164,000 sq. mi. (424,760 sq. km). |
| Jerusalem | a city in and the capital of Israel: an ancient holy city and a center of pilgrimage for Jews, Christians, and Muslims; divided between Israel and Jordan 1948–67; Jordanian sector annexed by Israel 1967; capital of Israel since 1950. |
| Dead sea scrolls | a collection of manuscripts in Hebrew and Aramaic discovered in caves near the Dead Sea between 1947 and 1956. They are widely held to have been written between about 100 bc and 68 ad and provide important biblical evidence |
| UR | an ancient Sumerian city on the Euphrates, in S Iraq: extensive excavations, especially of royal tombs. |
| Astronomy | the scientific study of the individual celestial bodies (excluding the earth) and of the universe as a whole. Its various branches include astrometry, astrodynamics, cosmology, and astrophysics |
| Chaldeans | a member of an ancient Semitic people who controlled S Babylonia from the late 8th to the late 7th century bc |
| Jordan River | the chief and only perennial river of Israel and Jordan, rising in several headstreams in Syria and Lebanon, and flowing south through the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea: occupies the N end of the Great Rift Valley system and lies mostly below sea level. |
| canal | an artificial waterway for navigation, irrigation, etc. |
| Hebrews | a member of the Semitic peoples inhabiting ancient Palestine and claiming descent from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; an Israelite. |
Created by:
Sabrina3
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