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Exam 1 GA/Embryo
NWHSU T2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Give 3 Derivatives from the Hypomere of the cervical myotomes. | Prevertebral Neck MM, Scalene MM, Infrahyoid MM, Geniohyoid MM |
| Name the nerve of the 2nd branchial arch. | Facial CN 7 |
| The uveal iris forms what part of the iris (outermost, innermost, entire) | Outermost part |
| As the eye develops, the short posterior ciliary arteries RUN (are located) in the _______ and SUPPLY the ________ | Choroid Layer Pigment Layer of the retina |
| List the origin (neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesoderm/mesenchyme, or endoderm) of the following eye compartments: A) Lens B) Neural retine | A)surface ectoderm B) neuroectoderm |
| __________ vessels which develop from blood islands of the yolk sac | Vitelline |
| during early development, the primative heart is suspended in the ________ cavity by a mesentary known as the dorsal __________ | Pericardial Mesocardium |
| Give the derivatives of: A) the right horn of the sinus venosus B) the left horn of the sinus venosus | A) Sinus vanarum B) Coronary Sinus |
| Give the day when the heart: A) begins to Beat B) Tubes fuse | A) 22-23 B) 21 |
| Forms trabeculated part of the right ventricle ONLY | Trabeculated part of the bulbus cordis proximal 1/3 of the bulbis cordis |
| forms the smoothed walled part of the L atrium | Primitive single Pulmonary V. |
| What causes the coloboma? (BE SPECIFIC) | Failure of the choride fissure to fuse |
| what SPECIFIC part of the eye forms from the following? a) outer layer of the optic cup (posterior 4/5) b) inner layer of the optic cup (anterior 1/5) | a) pigment layer of the retina b) inner layerof the ciliary bodies and iris |
| _____________ major intraembryonic arteries formed near midline of the embryo | Dorsal Aortae |
| _____________ the definitive dervative of the left common cardinal vein | oblique vein of the atrium |
| ______ opening that forms when the upper part of the septum primum perforates | Ostium secundum |
| ________name given to the middle 1/3 of the bulbus cordis | Conus cordis |
| What specific structures(s) is /are derives from the INFERIOIR part of the right venous valve of the sinuatrial orifice | Valve of the coronary sinus valve of theInferioir vena cava |
| Due to the ____ degree rotation of the ______ plate, the future pericardial cavity lies _______ (dorsal, ventral)to thedeveloping heart | 180 Prochordal plate and cradiogenic plate Ventral |
| Specifically, why is the sinuatrial fold important? | Shift open of sinu venosus to right side of the common atrium |
| Briefly discuss the directional movements of the bulbus cordis and primitive ventricles as the bulboventricular sulcus develops | the bulbus cordis gets shifted to the right of the pericardial cavity, and the primitive ventricle gets shifted to the left of the pericardial cavity |
| _______ forms the principle cavity of the right atrium | right horn of the sinus venosus |
| __________ components that SPECIFICALLY develops from the utricle | Semicircular canals |
| _______ component that forms the external auditory meatus | 1 st Pharyngeal cleft |
| Gives the derivates form the cartilages of the 4 and 6 branchial arches | Cartilages of the larynx |
| Make a short flow diagram showing the differeniations of a somite | Sclerotome Somite = Dermotomes Myotomes |
| Forms the NONtrabeculated part of the left ventricle | Conus cordis |
| defects contributing to the tetralogy of fallot (circle all the apply) a) Pulmanoary Stenosis b) Atrial septal defect c) ventriculat septal d)hypertorphy of the left ventricle | A and C |
| Component that specifically forms the tubotympanic recess which then forms the tympanic cavity and auditory tube | 1st phayngeal pouch |
| Componet that specifically form from the saccule | Choclear duct |
| the entire heart is derived from ______ mesoderm located in the _______ plate | Splanchnic cardiogenic |
| what embryonic structures take part in the formation of the membranous interventricular septum? | right conal redge, left conal rigde, posterior (inferioir) endocardial cushion |
| what specific structure is ?are dervided from the INFERIOIR part of the right venous valve of the sinuatrial orifice? | valve of the inferioir vena cava. valve of the coronary sinus (crista terminalis also given and not marked wrong) |
| Vessels which develop from blood islands of the yolk sac | Vitelline |
| List the hypaxial dervatives of the lumbar myotomes | Quadratus lumborum |
| Name 3 muscular componets formed from the 1st brachial arch | MM of mastication, mylohyoid, ant belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatine |
| Descride the formation of the tympanic memebrane (mention germ layers and embryonic structures involved) | ectoderm from floor of 1st pharyngeal cleft, endoderm from expanded 1st pharengeal pouch, mesoderm intervenes between ectodermal (cleft) and endodermal (pouch) layers |
| During the developmets of the inner ear, surface ectoderm thickens TO FORM THE _______. this item soon invaginates to form an ______. which subsequently loses contact witht eh surface to form the _________. | Otic Placode Otic pit otic vessicle |
| Give the derivatives from the Cartilage of the 2nd brachial arch | stepes, styloid process, and lesser horn and superioir half of the hyoid |
| Give the specific epimere derivates of the thoracic myotomes | deep intrisic back muscles thoracic area |
| The hypomere is innervated by _________ of the spinal nerves and forms ___________(flexor, extensor) muscles of the vertabral column | Primary ventral rami Flexor |
| Name the muscular componets formed from the 4th brachial arch | Stylohyoid, sternohyiod |
| Name the germ layer responsible for: a) uveal layer of the iris b) choroid layer | a) Mesoderm B) mesoderm |
| during the development of the eye, the optic cup is attached to the diencephalon by the narrow ___________ which later cantaims the fobers of the optic nerve. In addition, a space termed the ________ separates the inner and outer layers of the optic cup | Optic stalk Intraretinal cleft |
| What SPECIFIC part of the eye forms from the following: a) outer layer of the optic cup (post 4/5) b) inner layer of the optic cup (ant. 1/5) | a) pigement layer of the retina b) innerlayer of the cillary body, inner layer of iris |
| what SPECIFIC components develop from the neural layer of the retina? | primary rod and cones, secondary bipolar cells, tertairy ganglia cells |
| name vessel which develop and remain in the adult to supply the pigment layer of the retina? | short posterioir ciliary artery |
| Week in which the vascualr system appears | 3rd |
| name given to the distal 1/3 of the bulbous cordis. | Truncus arteriosus |
| name the sdult derivatives of the middle 1/3rd of the bulbus cordis? | conus artriosus and the aortic vestibule |
| embryonic componets resposible for forming the myocardium ( do NOT list mesenchyme or msoderm) | Myocardial mental |
| Paritioning of the common atrium is the first indicated by the appearance of | septum primum |
| form the auricles | original embryonic common atrium |
| Briefly discuss the developemts of the AV canals | the superior and inferioir endocaridal cushions grow and fuse across forming the AV septum which seprates the primary AV canal in the right and left AV canals |
| the definitive derivative of the left common cardinal vien | Oblique vein of the L atrium |
| forms the traculated part of the left ventricle ONLY | primitive ventricle |
| Foramen Ovale forms within this embyonic structure | septum secundum |
| Name 2 Muscular compoents that develop from the 2nd brachial arch. ( for a muscle group, do NOT list individual MM of the group _ just list the group) | MM. of facial expresions, post belly of the digastric, stapedius, stylohyoid |
| give the derviative form the cartilage from the 6th brachial arch | cartilage of the larynx |
| give the derivative from the cartilage of the 3rd bracial arch | Greater horm and inf. portion of the hyoid bone |
| concerning the post 4/5 of the INNER layer of the optic cup: a) give the specific name b) what wessel in the ADULT remans to supply it | A) neural retina b) central arty of the retina |
| name the 3 embyonic arterial netwrok fromed by the end of the third week | vitelline, umbilical, and dorsal aorta |
| SPECIFICALLY ia formed by the ORIGINAL embryonic COMMON atrium | auricles of the R/L atria |
| embyonic components responsible for forming the myocardium ( do not list mesenchyme or meso derm ) | myocardial mantle |
| name given to the 1/3rd of the bulbus cordis | conus cordis |
| embyonic componet from NONtracrculated part fo the right ventricle | conus cordis |
| give the 3 derivatives fromt he cartilage of the 2nd brachial arch | stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligments, lesser horn and superioir half of the body of the hyoid bone |
| Give hyomere derivatives of the sacrococcygeal mytomes | skeletal MM of the anus and sex organs, pelvic diaphragm |
| what is the fate of the preotic myotomes? | extrinsic eye muscles |
| nerve of the 3rd pharyngeal arch | CN9 glossopharyngeal |
| as theeye develops, the short pasterioir ciliary arteries RUN ( are located in) in the _____________ and SUPPLY the _____________ | chorid layer pigment layer of the retina |
| Name the germ layer (neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesenchyme or endoderm) responsible for: a) corneal epithelium b) chorid layer | A) surface ectoderm B) mesenchyme |
| list origins for:(neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesenchyme or endoderm) a) conjunstival epithelum b) lacrimal gland C) iridopupillary memebrane | ALL surface ectoderm |
| list origins for:(neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesenchyme or endoderm): a) sphincter and dilator pupillae b) sclera f) lens | a) neuroderm b) mesenchyme d) surface ecotoderm |
| Named branch of CN 7 through the middle ear just medial to the malleus; the nerve conducts taste from the anterioir 2/3rds of the tongue and some autonomics to the salivary glands | Chorda tympani N. |
| Dorsal projection of the external ear, located anterioir to concha and over the orifice of the ext. acostic meatus | tragus |
| Chamber of cochlea into which round window opens | scala tympani |
| Fluid found in the membranous labyrinth | endolymph |
| _________ outer rim of the auricle | Helix |
| the _________ (ossicle fits into the ________ window | Stapes Oval |
| the triangular cochlear duct is seprated from the scala vestibule by the _________ and separated from the scala tympani by the _________ | Vestibular memebrane Basilar memebrane |
| ____________ minute small cavities at junctions of the iris and cornea drains aqueous humor from the anterioir chanber of the eye | trabeulae |
| Name the abductors of the eye | superioir and inferioir obliques, and lateral rectus |
| small opening into the superioir and inferioir lacrimal canaiculi | superior and inferioir lacrimal puncta |
| Specically where are the maculae located? | walls of the utricle and saccula |
| Traingular space at medial angle of the eye where tears collect | lacrimal lake |
| name the adducters mm of the eye | medial, superioir and inferioir rectus MM |
| complete the following concerning the FLOW of aqueous humor in the eye:___________->post. chamber->pupil->ant. chamber->____________->scleral venous sinus | Ciliary body trabeculae |
| Small reddish conical body of skin containing sebaceous and sweat glans; produces a whitish secretion | lacrimal caruncula |
| Chamber between the iris and the lens | Posterioir chamber |
| besides the lateral rectus m. whish can abduct the eye | superioir oblique and inferioir oblique |
| from proximal to distal, the second branch of the arch of the arota | left common carotid artey |
| in which SPECIFIC medistinum are the fallowing located: A) insertion of the pulmonary vien b) L?R brachiocephalic veins c) L and R bronchi | a) middle mediastinmun b) superior medastinum c) Posterioir |
| in which SPECIFIC medistinum are the fallowing located: d)Esophagus e)DISTAL part of the phernic nerve f)MOST of the azygos vein | d) posterioir and superioir e) middle f) posterioir |
| in which SPECIFIC medistinum are the fallowing located: g)most of the thymus h)tracheal biforcation I)hemiazygos vein | g) superioir h) posterioir i) posterioir |
| in which SPECIFIC medistinum are the fallowing located: J) ascending aorta k)thoracic sphalnchnics L)inferioir half of the superioir vena cava | j) middle k) posterioir l) middle |
| name the tributaries to the hemiazygos vein (do NOT list the ascending lumbar or the branch from the left renal vein) | L. subcostal vein, caudal 3-4 left posterioir intercostalv. some esophegeal and mediastinal vv. left bronchial vv |
| the ligamentum arteriosum connects what two vessels? | left pulmonary a. and arch of the aorta |
| name the tributary to the left brachiocephalicv. whose right counterpart is NOT a tributary to the R. brachiocephalic v | left highest posterioir intercostal v |
| during its corse the pulmanary trunk passes first ________(ant. post left right) to/of the ascending aorta then immediatly __________(ant. post left right) to it | Anterioir Left |
| the azygos vein runs superioirly (anterioir to the lumbar and thoracic vertrebrae) then ARCHED OVER the __________ (from post to ant) to empty into the ______________ | root of the R lung Superioir vena cava |
| besides the posterioir intercostal name two PARIETAL branches of the descending thoracic aorta | subcostal a. superioir phrenic a, and posterioir intercostal artery |
| the sternal angle marks the (all the apply): a) appox. level of trachea biforcation b) junction of ascending and arch portions of aorta c) junction descending and arch portion of aorta d) level of disk T4/5 | All |
| struturally define the fallowing borders of the superior mediastinum: a) upper b) lateral | a) plane of the 1st rib b) plearal sac |
| during there corse the phrenic nn. pass downward ___________ (ant. post) to the root of the lung and onto the ________(name structe) before entering the diaphragm | Anterioir pericardial sac |
| the R pulmomanry a runs __________ (ant post) to the ________prat of the aorta | Posterioir ascending |
| specific artery that supplies the upper surface of the respiatory diaphragm | superioir phrenic A |
| using anatomical mand marks define the lowerborder of the superioir mediastinum | horizontal line throught the angle of the sternum passing through the T4/5 disk |
| vein that drains the upper 2nd 3rd and 4th intercostal spaces | highest intercostal v |
| besides the r ascending lumbar v. a branch of the IVC and the right posterioir intercostal VV name the 4 tributaries drain into th azygoes vien | r. hightest interconstal =, hemiazygoes v, asscory hemiazygoes, right bronchial v |
| besides hemiazygoes and posterioir intercostals give 2 tribatries to the azygoes vien ( do not list ascending lumbar or the branch of IVC) | Right subcostalv right highest intercostal v accessory hemiazygoes |
| the left pulmonary artry runs _____ (ant post) to the ________(of the 3 parts)part of the aorta | anterioir decending |
| as the left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops under the arch of the aorta it lies IMMEDIATELY to the left of ___________ | arteriosis ligament |
| portion of the conduction system of the heart innervated y sympathtics from the left side | AV node |
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missymak19
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