Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
WCMS6 Flashcards
US History Flashcards
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| explored by the Spanish | Colorado River |
| port cities grew up along these lakes | Great Lakes |
| sailed for Spain and explored the American Southwest | Francisco Coronado |
| lived in the Arctic where temperatures are below freezing; lived in igloos | Inuit |
| used as transportation routes for farm and industrial products; were used as links to other bodies of water in the US | Mississippi and Missouri Rivers |
| gateway to the West | Ohio River |
| forms the border between the US and Mexico | Rio Grande River |
| -forms the border between the US and Canada -connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean | St. Lawrence River |
| -located along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico -broad lowlands providing many excellent harbors | Coastal Plain |
| -located west of the Coastal Plain -extends from Eastern Canada to Western Alabama -includes the piedmont -has old, eroded mountains (oldest mountains in N. America) | Appalachian Highlands |
| -wrapped around the Hudson Bay in a horseshoe shape -hills worn by erosion -hundreds of lakes carved by ice | Canadian Shield |
| -located west of the Appalachian Highlands and east of the Great Plains -rolling flat lands with many rivers, broad river valleys, and grassy hills | Interior Lowlands |
| -located west of the Interior Lowlands and east of the Rocky Mountains -flat lands that gradually increase westward -grasslands | Great Plains |
| -located west of the Great Plains and east of the Basin & Range -rugged mountains that stretch from Alaska to almost Mexico -high elevations -contains the Continental Divide, which determines the directional flow of rivers | Rocky Mountains |
| -located west of the Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevadas and Cascades -varying elevations containing isolated mountains -contains Death Valley, the lowest point in North America | Basin & Range |
| -located on the Pacific Coast, stretching from California to Canada -has rugged mountains and fertile valleys | Coastal Range |
| explored by Lewis & Clark | Columbia River |
| served as a highway for explorers, early settlers, and later immigrants | Atlantic Ocean |
| provided access to other parts of the world (Asia) | Pacific Ocean |
| imaginary lines that run North to South on a map | Lines of Longitude |
| imaginary lines that run East to West on a map | Lines of Latitude |
| -lived in Pacific Northwest -climate is mild and rainy -lived in houses made of plank boards | Kwakiutl |
| -lived in the Great Plains -dry, interior grasslands -lived in teepees, which were tents made of bison skin | Lakota |
| -lived in Southwest desert, present-day Arizona and New Mexico -climate is hot and dry -lived in adobe homes near mountains and cliffs | Pueblo |
| -lived in northeastern North America (Eastern Woodlands) -heavily forested -lived in longhouses | Iroquois |
| things that come directly from nature • fish • trees • clay • stones | Natural Resources |
| people working to produce goods and services • fisherman • hunters • farmer | Human Resources |
| goods produced and used in order to make other goods and services • bow and arrow • canoes • tools | Capital Resources |
| -one of North America’s oldest archaeological sites -located along the Nottoway River in southeastern Virginia -archaeologists found evidence that people lived here 18,000 years ago | Cactus Hill |
| someone who studies human behavior and cultures of the past through the recovery and analysis of artifacts | Archaelogist |
| -sailed for England -explored eastern Canada | John Cabot |
| -sailed for France -claimed the Mississippi River Valley for France | Robert La Salle |
| -sailed for France -founded the French settlement of Quebec | Samuel de Champlain |
| made voyages of discovery along the coast of West Africa | Portugal |
| -controlled trade in West Africa from 300-1600 -traded gold for metals, cloths, and other goods with Portugal | Ghana, Mali, and Songhai |
| -gold -spreading Christianity -power (wanting the biggest empire) | Motivations for Exploration |
| -poor maps and navigational tools -disease -fear of the unknown -lack of adequate supplies | Obstacles to Exploration |
| -exchanged goods and ideas with American Indians -improved navigational tools and ships -claimed new territories | Accomplishments of Exploration |
| founded by the Separatists from the Church of England who wanted to avoid religious persecution | Plymouth Colony |
| founded by the Puritans who wanted to avoid religious persecution | Massachusetts Bay Colony |
| founded by the Virginia Company as an economic venture | Jamestown Settlement |
| - founded by Sir Walter Raleigh as an economic venture -known as The Lost Colony | Roanoke Island |
| founded by the Quakers who wanted to practice their religion without interference | Pennsylvania |
| founded by people in English debtors prisons who wanted economic freedom | Georgia |
| -specialized in shipbuilding, fishing, naval supplies, and metal tools -moderate summers; cold winters -villages and church -town meetings | New England Colonies |
| -specialized in livestock, grains, and fish -mild winters; moderate climate -diverse religions and lifestyles -market towns | Mid-Atlantic Colonies |
| -specialized in cotton, indigo, rice, tobacco and forest products -humid climate; mild winters and hot summers -plantations and Church of England -counties | Southern Colonies |
| -first constitution of United States Weaknesses: 1. no national government 2. congress couldn’t tax or regulate trade 3. no common currency 4. each state had only one vote 5. no executive or judicial branches | Articles of Confederation |
| supreme law of the United States | United States Constitution |
| first 10 amendments of the Constitution (freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to bear arms) -written guarantee of individual rights | Bill of Rights |
| -made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate (Congress) -makes laws | Legislative Branch |
| -made up of the President, Vice President, and cabinet -enforces or carries out laws | Executive Branch |
| -made up of the Supreme Court (9 Justices) -interprets or decides meaning of laws -makes sure laws follow the Constitution | Judicial Branch |
| used as an exploration route to the Americas by the French and Spanish | Gulf of Mexico |
| decided how many votes each state would have in the House of Representatives and the Senate (Congress) | Great Compromise |
| Commander of the Continental Army; 1st President of the US; Bill of Rights was added to Constitution and Federal Court system established during presidency; helped design Washington, DC | George Washington |
| Championed the cause for American independence; 2nd President of the US; only president of the first five NOT from Virginia; two-party system was established during his presidency | John Adams |
| main author of the Declaration of Independence; 3rd President of the US; bought the Louisiana Purchase from France and sent Lewis and Clark to explore it | Thomas Jefferson |
| 4th President of the US; was president during the War of 1812 | James Madison |
| 5th President of the US; created the Monroe Doctrine that warned European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere | James Monroe |
| African American astronomer and surveyor who helped design Washington, DC | Benjamin Banneker |
| This land was split between the US and Great Britain | Oregon Territory |
| This was added as a state after it became and independent republic | Texas |
| War with Mexico resulted in this state and the Southwest Territory becoming part of the United States | California |
| President Jefferson bought this land from France and it nearly doubled the size of the United States | The Louisiana Purchase |
| Spain gave this land to the US through a treaty | Florida |
| The belief that expansion was for the good of the US and was the right of the US (the US should expand as far as the Pacific Ocean) | Manifest Destiny |
| population growth in the eastern states; availability of cheap, fertile land; economic opportunities (gold, lumber); transportation and knowledge of overland trails; Manifest Destiny | Reasons for Westward Expansion |
| invented by Eli Whitney; increased the production of cotton and thus increased the need for slave labor to cultivate and pick cotton | cotton gin |
| invented by Cyrus McCormick and Jo Anderson; increased the productivity of the American farmer | reaper |
| invented (improved) by Robert Fulton; provided faster transportation connecting Southern plantations & farms to Northern industries & Western territories | steamboat |
| provided faster land transportation | steam locomotive (train) |
| a person who organizes resources to bring a new or better good/service to market in hopes of making a profit; a businessman | entrepreneur |
| men and women who worked to end slavery | abolitionist |
| the right to vote | suffrage |
| led hundreds of slaves to freedom along the Underground Railroad | Harriet Tubman |
| wrote the Liberator newspaper and worked for the immediate emancipation of all enslaved African Americans | William Lloyd Garrison |
| wrote the North Star newspaper and worked for rights for African Americans and women to better their lives | Frederick Douglass |
| a former slave, was a nationally known advocate for equality & justice | Isabella (Sojourner) Truth |
| an advocate to gain voting rights for women & equal rights for all | Susan B. Anthony |
| played a leadership role in the women's rights movement | Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
| Missouri entered the Union as a slave state and Maine entered the Union as a free state | Missouri Compromise |
| California entered the Union as a free state and the Southwest would decide the slavery issue for themselves | Compromise of 1850 |
| People in each state would decide the slavery issue through popular sovereignty | Kansas-Nebraska Act |
| a tax on products from other countries to make people choose locally-made goods over foreign-made goods | tariff |
| -16th President of the US -wanted to preserve the Union during the Civil War -wrote the “Gettysburg Address” | Abraham Lincoln |
| president of the Confederate States of America (CSA) during the American Civil War | Jefferson Davis |
| -leader of the Army of Northern Virginia during the Civil War -turned down command of Union Army -urged Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans | Robert E. Lee |
| -General of the Union Army -accepted Robert E. Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Courthouse, VA | Ulysses S. Grant |
| skilled Confederate general during the Civil War | Stonewall Jackson |
| -a nurse during the Civil War -founded the American Red Cross | Clara Barton |
| -African American soldier and later naval captain who was highly honored for his feats of bravery and heroism during the Civil War -went on to become a US Congressman | Robert Smalls |
| -written by President Lincoln after the Battle of Gettysburg - said the Civil War was to preserve the government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” | Gettysburg Address |
| Confederate soldiers fired on this Union fort, marking the beginning of the Civil War | Fort Sumter |
| this Confederate victory was the first major battle in the Civil War | 1st Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) |
| made “freeing slaves” the new focus of the war; many freed slaves joined the Union army | Emancipation Proclamation |
| this Union victory gave the Union control over the Mississippi River; this divided the South | Battle of Vicksburg |
| this was the turning point of the Civil War -the North repelled Lee’s invasion | Battle of Gettysburg |
| Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant here, marking the end of the war | Appomattox Courthouse |
| a silversmith who made a daring ride to warn colonists of the arrival of the British | Paul Revere |
| the King of England during the American Revolution | King George III |
| Commander of the Continental Army | George Washington |
| stated that colonists could not settle in the land west of the Appalachian Mountains | Proclamation of 1763 |
| no representation in Parliament -power of colonial governors -King’s control over colonial legislature -opposed taxes -Proclamation of 1763 | reasons for Colonial dissatisfaction |
| -people have unalienable rights—life, liberty, pursuit of happiness -governments are established to protect those rights -government derives power from the people -people have a right to change a government that violates their rights | key philosophies in the Declaration of Independence |
| Five colonists were shot and killed after taunting British soldiers | Boston Massacre |
| the Sons of Liberty, led by Sam Adams and Paul Revere, dumped chests of tea into Boston Harbor to protest laws & taxes | Boston Tea Party |
| delegates from every colony but Georgia met in Philadelphia to discuss problems with Britain and promote independence | 1st Continental Congress |
| -first armed conflict of the Revolutionary War -“shot heard around the world” | Lexington and Concord |
| -known as the “turning point” of the Revolutionary War -after this American victory, France decided to join the Americans and fight the British | Battle of Saratoga |
| -British General Lord Cornwallis surrendered to the continental army -the last major battle of the Revolutionary War | Yorktown |
| -Britain officially recognized American independence with this document -Britain gave the land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River to the Americans | Treaty of Paris (1783) |
| -prominent member of the Continental Congress -helped frame (write) the Declaration of Independence -helped gain French support for American independence | Benjamin Franklin |
| -outspoken member of Virginia’s House of Burgesses -inspired colonial patriotism with his “Give me liberty or give me death” speech | Patrick Henry |
| British General who surrendered to George Washington and the continental army at Yorktown | Lord Cornwallis |
| former slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence | Phillis Wheatley |
| -defending own land and principles -help from the French -strong leadership | reasons why the colonies won the American Revolution |
Created by:
MrsBonini
Popular U.S. History sets