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Chapter 21

Civil Rights Movement

TermDescription
Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896 Supreme Court decision that segregation was legal as long as the separate facilities provided for blacks were equal to those provided to whites.
Jim Crow System Statutes, beginning in the 1890s, the required segregation of public services by race.
Dwight D. Eisenhower 34th president who promoted business and continued social programs.
Brown vs. Board of Education 1954 Supreme Court case in which racial segregation in public schools was outlawed.
Integration Process of bringing people of different races together.
Montgomery Bus Boycott Protest in 1955-56 by African Americans against racial segregation in the bus system on Montgomery, Alabama.
Martin Luther King Jr. African American civil rights leader from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968; used nonviolent means such as marches, boycotts, and legal challenges to win civil rights
Little Rock Crisis A school in which 6 African Americans were not welcomed and the location of an important protest.
Sit-ins Form of protest in which protesters seat themselves and refuse to move.
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Founded in 1960, a student civil rights organization and an offshoot of the SCLC.
John F. Kennedy Passed civil rights laws.
Integration of Ole Miss A large stepping stone and important mark for integration.
Birmingham Confrontation A protest which was caught on cameras and made Americans realize the seriousness of the civil rights movement.
March on Washington 1963 civil rights demonstration in Washington, D.C., in which protesters called for "jobs and freedom". Also where King made his famous speech.
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Law that made demonstration illegal in a number of areas, including voting, schools, and jobs.
Voting Rights Act of 1965 Law aimed at reducing the barriers that prevented African Americans from voting, in part by increasing the federal government's authority to register voters.
Nation of Islam Organization, also called the Black Muslims, dedicated to black separation and self-help.
Malcom X African American leader during the 1950s and 1960s; eloquent spokesperson for African American self-sufficiency; assassinated in 1965.
Stokely Carmichael (blank)
Black Power Movement African American movement seeking unity and self-reliance.
De Jure Segregation Racial segregation created by law.
De Facto Segregation Separation caused by social conditions such as poverty.
Rosa Parks Civil rights worker whose arrest in 1955 touched off the Montgomery bus boycott.
Created by: iloveaimee
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