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phonology vocab
Vocab for phonology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rhotic | a dialect in which the /r/ is pronounced before a consonant and at the end of the word. Ex. port, dear curl |
| assimilation | refers to a phoneme being spoken differently when it is near another phoneme. Ex. And /ae nd/is usually spoken as /n/ in rapid, casual speech |
| diphthong | a complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowle and gradually changes to another vowel within the same syllable A. Ex. /oi/ in boil or /i/ in fine. |
| elision | Omission of a sound between two words (usually a vowel and the end of one word one word or the beginning of the next). Ex. John and Peter are going to the store. The verb "are" is elided to a mere schwa. |
| affricative (or affricate) | A consonant characterized by frictional passage of the expired breath through a narrowing at some point in the vocal tract. The sounds v, th (thin), th (then), s, z, h, sh, s (measure) |
| plosives | A stop or occlusive produced by stopping the airflow in the vocal tract. The sounds p, t, k, b, d, g are English plosives. |
| reduction | Shortening pronunciation of words. Ex. wanna, gimme, lemme |
| laterals | /L/-like consonants sounds. Examples: clear /l/ as in lady, fly and the dark /l/ as in bold or tell |
| linking sounds | sounds that are joined together, frequently a final consonant with an initial consonant or a vowel with an initial vowel by inserting a /w/ or a /y/. turn off = turn off, so I = soWI, do all = doWall |
| morpheme | the smallest unit of language system that has meaning. |
| root word or base word | where the actual meaning is determined |
| prefix | appears in front of the root or base word and can alter its meaning |
| suffix | a letter or letters added to the end of the word; can alter the original tense or meaning of the root or base word |
| morphology | the process of how the words of a language are formed to create meaningful messages. |
| free morpheme | able to stand by themselves (chair, bag) |
| bound or derivational morpheme | need to be used with other morphemes to create meaning (read-able, en-able). |
| normalizers | largest group of derivative suffixes are normalizers. -acy, -ance, -ician, -ism, -ist, -ity, -ment, -ster, -able, -al, -an, -atic |
| Why is knowledge of derivational morphemes helpful? | knowing meanings of derivational morphemes like prefixes and suffixes help to decode meaning and create words in the language through word analysis. Ex. un-happy means not happy |
| morphemic analysis | Process of breaking a word down into its component parts to determine its meaning |
| In English, all inflections... | are suffixes and occur at the very end of the word |
Created by:
jmceath
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