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Chapter 11 Stack MN
The Industrial Revolution and Pre Civil war
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hand tools were gradually replaced with machines and man and horse power were replaced with water and steam power | Industrial Revolution |
| System that brings the workers and machines together in one place | The Factory System |
| A reliable source of power that allowed factories to move away from rivers to cities and cheap labor | Steam Engines |
| An apprentice to the English man to develop the factory system and the machines used in the textile mills there, that brought those ideas to America | Samuel Slater |
| Built improved versions of the English machines and combined both spinning and weaving in the same factory | Francis Cabot Lowell |
| The rapid manufacturing of large numbers of identical objects | Mass Production |
| Identical pieces that could be assembled quickly by unskilled workers | Interchangeable Parts |
| What harsh working conditions existed in American factories? | Poor lighting, lack of fresh air, dangerous machines, and no payments for injured or disabled workers |
| 3 causes of the spread of disease in cities | Lack of clean drinking water, filthy streets, poor sewer systems |
| Samuel Morse's groundbreaking communication invention that sent messages over an electrical wire | The Telegraph |
| Invented the mechanical reaper to help with the harvesting of wheat | Cyrus McCormick |
| How did advances in transportation help industry? | Factories could use raw materials from farther away and ship goods to distant markets |
| 3 major advancements in transportation | Steam boats, Yankee Clipper ships, and the Steam Locomotive |
| The 2 countries that most immigrants in the 1840's came from | Ireland and Germany |
| People who wanted to preserve America for white, American born Protestants | Nativists |
| The denial of equal rights or equal treatment to certain groups of people | Discrimination |
| Eli Whitney's invention that used a spiked cylinder to remove seeds from cotton fibers | the Cotton Gin |
| The 4 Effects of the Cotton Gin | Made cotton more profitable, increase use and value of slaves, made cotton the main source of U.S. wealth, and increased cotton production |
| Argument in support of slavery | Slaves, unlike Northern factory workers did not have to worry about unemployment and were fed and given shelter |
| Arguments against slavery | Unlike Northern factory workers slaves could not quit harsh jobs and slaves often endured physical and other types of abuses |
| Free Africans were discouraged from doing this | Traveling |
| Type of work done by slaves | Some were skilled workers, some were house slaves, most did hard field work |
| Religious folk songs that blended biblical themes with the realities of slavery | Spirituals |
| Ways of resisting slavery | Working slowly, breaking equipment, running away, and rebellion |
| The 1st state to begin the process of eliminating slavery | Pennsylvania |
| The 1st state to officially ban slavery in its state constitution | Ohio |
| Reformers who wanted to end slavery immediately | Abolitionist |
| Founded the Abolitionist paper "the Liberator" and the American Anti-slavery Society and favored giving full political rights to African Americans | William Lloyd Garrison |
| An escaped slave that became an abolitionist, spoke at anti-slavery rallies, and founded his own Abolitionist paper called "The North Star" | Frederick Douglas |
| A network of people who secretly helped slaves reach freedom in the North | The Underground Railroad |
| Led more than 300 slaves to safety and became known as the "black Moses" | Harriet Tubman |
| Why did some Northerners still oppose abolition? | Northern workers were afraid slaves would take their jobs |
| 3 ways people were sold into slavery | Prisoners of war, kidnapped by other Africans, sold family members to avoid starvation |
| 4 freedoms denied to women in 1820 | Could not vote, could not serve on juries, could not attend college, could not do some jobs like Doctors or Lawyers |
| The movement Sojourner Truth, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were involved in before women's rights | Abolition |
| A document that modeled the Declaration of Independence and listed the injustices women suffered | The Declaration of Sentiments |
| The fight for the women's right to vote | Suffrage |
| What subjects were women not taught because it was believed they wouldn't need them? | Math and Science |
| Name for any place slaves could rest on their journey on the Underground Railroad | Station |
| Name for people who helped move slaves north to freedom | Conductors |
| Name for any mode of transportation used to move slaves on the Underground railroad | Train |
| Spiritual with a secret meaning, telling slaves to use the Big Dipper to guide them North | Follow the Drinking Gourd |
| Where most slaves headed because they refused to send fugitive slaves back to the South | Canada |
Created by:
mrnick625
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