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History Review
Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Patriot | Colonists that rebelled against Britain. |
Lexington and Concord | The 'shot heard around the world' or the first battle of the American Revolution |
2nd Continental Congress | A convention of delegates that started meeting in May 1775 in Philadelphia Pennsylvania soon after the American Revolution begun. |
Benedict Arnold | The most infamous person of the American Revolution for betraying his country. |
Thomas Jefferson | An American delegate that is known as one of America's founding fathers. |
Declaration of Independence | The Colonies' formal document declaring independence from Britain. |
Sugar Act | The sugar act was used by the British to raise revenue for the French and Indian War debts. There were taxes on almost all household items including molasses. |
Thomas Paine | Thomas Paine was an English political activist that wrote 'Common Sense' which urged colonists to rebel. |
Tea Act | The tea act was levied so that Britain could get rid of a huge surplus of tea that they had. The British undercut small businesses by forcing the tea upon the colonists. |
George Washington | The commander of the continental army. |
Mercenary | A paid soldier. |
Strategy | Some form of plan for battle. |
Battle of Saratoga | The turning point of the revolution where America gained French and Spanish support. |
Bayonet | A long knife that goes on the end of a musket. |
Desert | When a soldier leaves his army or group. |
Privateer | A private owned ship that fights by volunteering. |
John Paul Jones | He won one of the most famous naval battles in the American Revolution |
Lord Cornwallis | The commander of the British Army |
Guerilla | Fighting in the woods and moving fast. |
Battle of Yorktown | This was known as the end of the revolution |
Benedict Arnold | A traitor to his own country that was quite infamous for betraying America. |
Treaty of Paris 1783 | British formally recognized The Colonies as an independent nation (America). |
Valley Forge | Washington and his troops stayed here during the winter of the revolution. Weather was cold and supplies were scarce |
Marquis da Lafayette | A man who served directly under Washington. |
Treason | Committing a crime against your country. |
Articles of Confederation | Weak form of government that governed the colonists through the Revolution |
Land Ordinance of 1785 | Divided up the land in the Northwest. |
Northwest Territory | Small land claims that were in the northwest part of America |
Northwest Ordinance | Set a pattern of orderly growth for the Northwest Territory. |
Shay's Rebellion | A rebellion among farmers about America's weak government. |
Constitutional Convention | The constitution was drafted by many delegates. |
James Madison | A famous federalist that wrote the Virginia Plan. |
Virginia Plan | Wrote by James Madison, it focused on a strong national government giving more power to the nation. |
New Jersey Plan | A plan that gave more power to the individual states instead of the national government. |
Great Compromise | An agreement met between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. |
Three-Fifths Compromise | 3/5 of all slaves will be counted toward the states' total population |
Federalists | Wanted a stronger national government |
Anti-Federalists | Wanted a stronger state government |
The Federalist Papers | A series of essays that persuaded many people to ratify the constitution. |
George Mason | A famous anti-federalist. |
Bill of Rights | A series of amendments to the constitution that protected peoples' personal rights. |
Popular Sovereighnty | The legitimacy of the state is created and sustained by the will of its people. |
Republicanism | A form of government where representatives are elected |
Federalism | Government power is distributed among states and national government. |
Separation of Powers | Each house has different powers in the National Government. |
Checks and Balances | A way for each branch of government to check or make sure that the other one doesn't have too much power. |
Limited Government | Even the government leaders have to follow the laws. |
Individual Rights | Rights that cannot be taken away like life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. |
Preamble | The introduction to the constitution. |