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Ch8 Political Scienc
Chapter Eight
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Air Wars | Mass media, particularly through the use of television ads. |
| Candidate-centered campains | Indv. candidates devise their own strategies, choose their own issues and form their own campaign organizations. |
| Party-centered campaigns | Republicans and Democrats compete across the country election after election |
| Political Party | An ongoing coalition of interests joined together in an effort to get it's candidates for public office elected under a common label. |
| Factional Parties | (Minor parties) that resulted from a split within one of the major parties. |
| Ideological Parties | Includes 'Socialist Workers Party' and 'Libertarian Party', each of which operates on the fringes of American politics. |
| Reform Parties | (an example of a 'Minor party' or 'factional party')Anti-parties in the sense that they arose out of a belief that partisan politics is a corrupting influence. (Progressive Party) |
| Single-Issue Parties | (An example of a Minor party/Factional party)formed around a lone issue overriding interest to their followers. |
| Gender Gap | Women vote democratic. It's policy related! |
| Grassroots Party | Organized chiefly at the local level and open to all citizens. |
| Linkage Institutions | (parties) serve to connect citizens with government. |
| Party Competition | narrows voters options to two and in the process enables people with different opinions and backgrounds to act together. |
| Hard Money | Strict amount limits(more so for House than Senate) but can be used how ever the candidate chooses. |
| Soft Money | Amount restriction-less. (For both) Can only go towards things like, voter registration and party-centered television as that could indirectly benefit the candidates. |
| Service Relationship | the relationship Party Committees have with tier candidates. (more than a power relationship) They don't get to hand pick so they really can only serve to make sure the other party doesn't get reelected. |
| Money Chase | 'The Struggle' Senators or House members have to deal with to get reelected. |
| The Median Voter Theorem | if their are two parties, the parties can maximize their vote only of they position themselves at the location of the median voter. |
| Median Voter | Voter who's preferences are exactly in the middle. |
| Single-member districs | One single member from each district gets elected(discouraging more than two party system) |
| Proportional Representation | Seats in the legislature are allocated according to a parties share of the popular vote. |
| Two-party System | (Is the exception rather than the rule) Mostly in the United States. |
| Multi-Party System | Three or more parties have the capacity to gain control of government, separately or in coalition. |
| A primary election | (Direct Primary) gives control of nominations to voters. |
| Packaging (of a candidate) | (What campaigns consultants are good at.)Highlighting those aspects of the candidate's partisanship, policy positions, personal background, and personality that are thought to be most attractive to voters. |
| Political Consultants | Campaign strategists, pollsters, media producers, and fundraising and get-out-the-vote-specialists. |
| Party Coalitions | What groups and interests that support a party are collectively known as. |
| Party Organizations | National, State and local levels of political parties. |
| Party Realignments | Periods of extra ordinary party changes. |
| What are four basic elements in a Realignment? | Disruption; Voter Shift; Change in policy; Change in party coalitions. |
| Monolyth | Voting as a group |
| Name the four types Minor (3rd) parties | Single-issue(on-trick ponies); Factional; Ideological; and Reform parties. |
| Prospective | Looking at the candidates future |
| Retro-spective | looking at the candidate's past. |
| Jefferson (grass_____) | Believes the part leads the people (grass-tops) |
| Jackson (grass______) | Believes that every thing starts at the roots.; the people lead the party. (Grassroots) |
| Dealignment | a movement of voters away from strong party attachments. |
| 527 groups | Not-for-profit political organizations that have become popular tools for evading soft money bans |
| U.S. political parties are | loose associations of national, state, and local organizations, which are organized from the bottom up. |
Created by:
jtimmon1
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