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History Final 2*
Terms for history Final.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Missouri Compromise | agreement passed in 1820 between pro slavery and anti. prohibited slavery in former Loui Territory. north of parellel 36 30 except missouri. |
| Manifest Destiny | Belief held that the U.S was destined to expand across the continent. |
| Nicholas Biddle. | American Financiar, served as president of Second bank of the U.S. Chairman of National Bank. Hated A. Jackson because he vetoed the charter of the national bank. |
| Mexican War. | War between mexico and u.s over land. |
| Eli Whitney | Inventer of the Cotton Gin. Made cotton a profitable crop. Strengthened slavery. Started making arms as well. |
| Compromise of 1850 | Package of Five bills which defused a four year confrontation between the slave states and the free states regarding territories acquired during Mexican war. |
| Republican Party | Southern, and thought cotton was important. |
| Abe Lincoln | 16th president. led country through the Civil War. Preserved the union while ending slavery. Whig party leader. |
| Civil War | Slavery. and states rights. large war. Confederacy vs Union. |
| Robert E. Lee | Career military officer. Commanded Conf. Army of North Virginia. Both North and south wanted him. |
| George McClellan | Major General during Civil war. Orginized army of the potomac. General in chief of Union Army. |
| Battle of Gettysburg | Battle with largest number of casualties in the Civil war. Wars turning point. George Meades army defeated Rober E. Lee. |
| The Appomattox Campaign | Series of battles in virginia that culminated the surrender of Robert E. Lee. End of Civil War. |
| KKK | Klu Klux Klan. founded in 1865 in Tennesse by six vets of Conf. Army. |
| The Black Codes | Laws in the U.S post civil war, limiting the civil rights and liberties of blacks. |
| Pres. Election of 1824 | John Adams Elected, Marked the splitting of Democratic and Republican. |
| Robert Fulton | Inventor of Steamboat. Commissioned by Napolean to design first sub. |
| Battle of the Alamo | Battle where all but two Texans were killed. Causing texans to rally and defeat the Mexican Army |
| Slave System | Blacks worked in fields while whites didn't own them. |
| Wilmot Proviso | Major event leading to civil war. Would have banned slavery in territory to be acquired from Mexico. |
| Gadsden Purchase | area of present day southern AZ and southwestern NM that was purchased by the U.S in a treaty signed by James Gadsden. |
| The Know Nothing | Movement by Nativist Amercan Political Faction. Acts of violence against targeted groups such as german and irish immigrants. |
| Paternalism | behavior that limits some persons or groups liberty. |
| John Caldwell | leading american politician. known for his intense original defense of slavery as something positive. |
| The Anaconda Plan | An outline strategy for subduing seceding states. Emphasized blockade of southern ports. |
| Ulysess S. Grant | 18th pres. War general in civil war. Ended the war and secession with the surrender of Robert E. Lee Radical republican. Ended KKK. |
| Battle of Antietam | First major battle on Union Soil. Bloodiest Single day battle in American history with 23,000 dead. |
| Siege of Vicksburg | Battle where U.S Grant crossed the Missi. and drove confed. army to a defensive standpoint. Granted Control of the river to the Union. |
| Ten Percent Plan | A plan that decreed a state could re-enter the union of 10% of the vote count from state had taken an oath of allegiance. |
| Clara Barton: | Civil war nurse, founded the red cross. |
| Susan B. Anthony | Civil rights leader who played big role in womens right. introduced womens suffrage. |
| Whig Party. | Political Party against Jackson. supported supremecy of congress over presidency. Leader is Henry Clay |
| James Polk | 11th pres. Leader of Jacksonian democracy. |
| Free Soil Party | short lived political party in the U.S. New York State. Anti Slave members of Whigs and Dem Party. Main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into western territories. |
| Kansas- Nebraska Act | Created the territories of Kansas and Neb. Reapealed Miss. Compromise. Allowed states to choose on their own. |
| Bleeding Kansas. | Series of Violent Political Confrontations with anti slavery and pro slavery |
| Dred Scott | Slave, unsuccesfully sued for freedom of him and his fam. Argued that he had lived with his master in states where slavery was illegal. Decided no slaves could have citizenship. |
| Border States. | Slave states that didnt declare secession from U.S before april 1861. Deleware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri never declared. |
| John Charles Fremont | American Military officer, explorer and first candidate of the anti slavery republican party. |
| First battle of Bull run. | First major land battle of civil war in Prince william county, virginia. |
| Battle of Shiloh | Battle in which U.S grant comanded, losses on first day, success on second day. |
| Andersonville | Sumter County, GA. POW camp. |
| Wade-Davis Bill | Bill proposed that re-addmittance to the union had to be a majority in each southern states and swear they had never supported the union. Didn't pass. Was pocket vetoed. |
| Sharecropping | Agriculture where landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced. |
| Compromise of 1877 | informal unwritten deal that settled the 1876 election and ended reconstruction in south. The republican Hayes took white house in which promising to remove fed troops from south. |
| Samual Houston | Brought texas into the U.S. First and third pres of Texas. Refused to swear loyalty to confed and was removed from office. Retired and died. |
| Andrew Jackson. | 7th Pres. Dismantled second bank of U.S. Army General. Democratic. |
| Trail of Tears | Forced relocation of Native Americans from southeastern U.S. Many Died. |
| Harriet Tubman | Black Abolitionist. Union Spy. Escaped slavery and rescued 70+ slaves. Underground Railroad |
| Popular Sovereignty. | Principle that the legitimacy of the state is created and sustained by the will or consent of its people, who are the source of all political power. |
| Uncle Toms Cabin | Anti Slavery Novel by Harriet Stown. Helped lay groundwork for civil war. |
| Charles Sumner | American Politician and senator from MASS. Leader of anti slavery forces in MASS and leader of radical republicans during civil war and reconstruction. Believed Slaves needed to be literate before being allowed suffrage. |
| Stephen Douglas | American Politican from IL. Lost election to abe Lincoln. "little giant". |
| Fort Sumter. | Masonry sea fort in Charleson Harbor, SC. Shots fired that initiated Civil war. |
| John Brown | American Abolitionist who used violent actions to fight slavery. Sentenced to Death. |
| Tom Stonewall jackson. | Conf. General. Served under E. Lee. Accidentally shot by own soldiers and lost his arm and died of complications. Affected Confed. Moral. |
| Ironclad | Casemate, armored box built to protect guns and crew from enemy shot. Boat. |
| Emancipation Proclomation | Exec. Order proclaiming all slaves in confed territory be forever free. |
| Jefferson Davis | Statesman and leader of the Confed. serving as pres of the confed. |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th Pres. Succeeded Lincoln after assntn. Eventually impeached. |
| Carpetbagger. | term used for yankees who moved south during reconstruction. |
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