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UKCD Histo TMJ

learning objectives for TMJ

QuestionAnswer
Classify the TMJ as a specific type of synovial joint. Ginglymus joint, a sliding hinge joint.
How many synovial cavities are present in the TMJ? There are two cavities: a superior and inferior.
What structure separates/ creates these two cavities? An intraarticular disc (meniscus).
Do these synovial cavities communicate? No. There is no communication between synovial cavities.
How is the intra-articular disc (meniscus) attached/ held within the synovial cavity? anchored medially $ laterally to the fibrous capsule and anteriorly with the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle. The synovial membrane forms a continuous attachment around the entire periphery of the disc forming two isolated synovial cavities.
How do the articular surfaces of this joint differ from those of other synovial joints? The articular surfaces of the TMJ are lined by dense, avascular fibrous connective tissue - not articular cartilage.
List the 4 zones of the articular surface of the TMJ? I - articular surface; II - proliferative zone; III - fibrocartilagenous zone; and IV - zone of calcified cartilage.
How are the collagen fiber bundles of Zone 1 oriented? Collagen fibers of Zone I are closely packed and oriented parallel to the articular surface.
In Zone 1, where are fibroblast found? Never found? Fibroblasts of Zone I are found between fiber bundles but never on the articular surface.
What is the lamina splendens? A 1-3 micrometer thick layer that separates collagen fiber bundles from the joint cavity. It forms the articular surface of the TMJ.
How do the articular surfaces of the TMJ differ with age? The proliferative zone of the articular surface becomes much reduced with age and the cartilage underlying this zone converts from hyaline to fibrocartilage. The surface fibrous layer remains unchanged.
What is the function of synovial villi? How do these structures vary with age? Thought to provide additional membrane for joint expansion although their number increases with age.
What surfaces are lined by synovial membrane? All non-articular surfaces of the interior aspect of both TMJ cavities.
How are synovial membranes classified? By the type of connective tissue that they overly (fibrous, areolar, etc.).
List the two layers of the synovial membrane? The superficial cellular intima that rests on the vascular subintima.
Identify the two cell types found in the cellular intima. What is the function of each? Fibroblast -like cells that secrte synovial fluid and macrophage-like cells that remove debris from the synovial cavity.
How many layers of cells are present in the intima? One to four layers of synovial cells.
How are the cells in the intima attached to one another to form a layer? Synovial cells are embedded in an amorphous matrix. Junctional complexes and a basement membrane are not involved.
In what specific type of matrix are these cells embedded? The amorphous matrix contains no fibers (collagen)
What are the physical properties of synovial fluid? Viscous, elastic and plastic - specialized for friction-free movement of articular surfaces.
Of what is the articular disc of the TMJ initially composed? A dense avascular fibrous connective tissue.
What happens to the articular disc with increasing age? With age the dense fibrous CT of the intraarticular disc is replaced by fibrocartilage.
Which region of the disc is highly vascular? Why? The posterior region of the disc is highly vascular while the central region is avascular due to its major role in articulation.
Are the synovial membrane and articular disc innervated? The synovial membrane and articular disc (meniscus) are not innervated .
Created by: wiechartm
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