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ddm1022
U.S History-Joyce
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Judiciary act of 1801 | Law that increased the number of federal judges, allowing president John Adams to fill most of the new posts with federalists. |
| Judiciary act of 1789 | A law that established the federal court system and the number of Supreme Court justices and that provided for the appeal of certain state court decisions to the federal courts. |
| Judaical Review | The supreme court's power to declare an act of Congress |
| Bank of the United States | Either of the two national banks, funded by the federal government and private investors, established by the Congress, the first in 1791 and the second in 1816. |
| Democratic Republic | Political party known for its support of strong state governments, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in opposition to the Federalists Party. |
| Two Party System | Political system dominated by two major parties. |
| Cabinet | The group of department heads who serve as the president's chief advisers. |
| Protective Tarrif | A tax on imported goods that is intended to protect a nations businesses from foreign competition. |
| Excise Tax | A tax on the production, sale, or consumption of goods produced within a country. |
| Neutrally | A refusal to take part in a war between other nations |
| Nullification | A states refusal to recognize an act of congress that it considers unconstitutional. |
| Sectionalism | The placing of the interests of ones own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole. |
| XYZ affair | Incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S diplomats. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | A series of four laws enhanced in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the united states. |
| Midnight Judge | One of the judges appointed by John Adams in the last hours of administration. |
| Marbury V. Madison | An 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to abolish legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional. This power came to be known as Judicial Review. |
| Louisiana Purchase | The 1803 purchase by the United States of France Louisiana Territory-extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains- for $15million. |
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