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Enlightenment9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the U.S. Constitution? | a new framework of government that drew on many enlightened ideas |
| What is an encyclopedia? | a series of books, that shared ideas and what was going on, spread enlightened ideas |
| What is a salon? | social gathering for discussing ideas or enjoying art |
| What is the enlightenment? | an 18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society |
| What is the Scientific Method? | A method of data in which a problem is identified, relevant date is gathered, a hypothesis is formulated from the data, and the hypothesis is tested |
| What are the natural rights that all humans have? | Life, Liberty, and Property |
| how did the constitution divide power? | - separation of power into 3 branches of government - used checks and balances -set up federal system power put into hands of people & had fair system of justice protected the right to free speech and freedom of religion |
| what are the 5 principles of enlightened philosophy? | Reason, Nature, Progress, Liberty, Happiness |
| what is the social contract? | an agreement that people created the government |
| what is the enlightened despot? | 18th century monarchs that were inspired by enlightenment ideals to rule justly, and respect rights of suspect |
| What are separation of powers and checks and balances? | more than one person making the decisions |
| What is the American Revolution? | war over independence |
| Who was Votaire? | philosophe that believed that never stopped fighting for tolerance, religion, reason, freedom of speech, and freedom of religious belief |
| Who was Rousseau? | a philosophe that believed that even though we're free, we're still treated like prisoners |
| Who was wollstonecraft? | a philosophe that believed that women, like men, need education to become virtuous and useful |
| what did Ben Franklin do? | layed out 3 branches of government: executice, legislative, and judicial |
| what did Thomas Jefferson do? | Wrote Declaration of Independence |
| Who was Montesquieu? | a phiisophe that believed in separation of powers and checks and balances |
| Who was Beccaria? | a philisophe that strongly disagreed with torturing of whitnesses and suspects,and irregular procedings in trials and punishments |
| Who was Hobbes? | NOT A PHILISOPHE! - believed in absolute monarchy -believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wickid |
| Who is Locke? | - leader of the philisophes -believed in constitional monarchy believed that all humans are free and equal and are born with 3 natural rights: Life, Libery, and property |
| Who is Catherine the Great? | another of the rulers influenced by enlightened ideas.... ruled after Charles I |
| What did Catherine the Great do? | -tried to reform Russia's laws but met resistance -hoped to end serfdom... but a bloody peasants' revolt made her change her mind -gave nobles even more power over serfs instead -managed to get new land 4 Russia |
| When Catherine the Great was ruling, what did Russia, Prussia and Austria agree to? | -to divide Poland among themselves.... as result, Poland disappeared as a separate nation for almost 150 years |
| What was the impact of the Enlightenment? | -We still use and believe all of the ideas of the Enlightenment today - the constitution, Bill of Rights, and Declaration of Independence were created then, and are still very important to our country today |
| what is an absolute monarch? | -a monarch that has one ruler that has absolute power -rules by divine right, centralized control and checks and balances |
| what is a constitutional monarchy? | a monarchy that has more than one ruler that is under the law |
Created by:
16ashcre
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