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Chapter 16 & 17
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation | satellite states |
| worldwide rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union | Cold War |
| term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the border between the Soviet satellite states and Western Europe | iron curtain |
| Presidetn Truman's promise to aid nations struggling against communist movements | Truman Doctrine |
| policy of keeping communism contained within its existing borders | containment |
| foreign policy that offered economic aid to Western European countries after World War II | Marshall Plan |
| program in which US and British pilots flew supplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade | Berlin aircraft |
| military alliance formed to counter Soviet expansion | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) |
| military alliance of the Soviet Union and its satellite states | Warsaw Pact |
| dividing line between North and South Korea | 38th parallel |
| war fought to achieve only specific goals | limited war |
| defensive alliance aimed at preventing communist aggression in Asia | South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) |
| contest in which nations compete to build more powerful weapons | arms race |
| policy in which the United States and the Soviet Unino hoped to deter nuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroy one another | mutually assured destruction |
| policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression | massive retaliation |
| belief that only by going to the brink of war could the US protect itslef against communist aggression | brinkmanship |
| to place a resource under government control | nationalize |
| attempt by France and Great Britain to seize control of the Suez Canal in 1956 | Suez crisis |
| policy of President Eisenhower that stated that the US would use force to help any nation threatened by communism | Eisenhower Doctrine |
| Us intelligence-gathering organization | Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) |
| government agency that coordinates US efforts in space | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
| fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life | Red Scare |
| law that made it unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the US government | Smith Act |
| congressional committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the US | House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) |
| group of movie writers, directors, and prodicers who refused to answer HUAC questions about communist ties | Hollywood Ten |
| list of persons who were not hired because of suspected communist ties | blacklist |
| negative catchword for extreme, reckless charges of disloyalty | McCarthyism |
| sending home members of the army | demobilization |
| eased the return of WWII verterans by providing education and unemployment aid | GI Bill of Rights |
| increase in births between 1945 and 1964 | baby boom |
| the rate at which goods are produced or services performed | productivity |
| a law that restricted the power of labor unions | Taft-Hartley Act |
| President Truman's program to expand New Deal reforms | Fair Deal |
| 1956 law that authorized the spending of $32 billion to build 41000 miles of highway | Interstate Highway Act |
| name given to the region of states in the South and the Southwest | Sunbelt |
| businesses that provide services rather than manufactured goods | service sector |
| businesses that provide informational services | information industry |
| allowas company to distribute its products or services through retail outlits owned by independent operators | franchise business |
| companies that produce and sell their goods and services all over the world | multinational corporation |
| in 1955, the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO) labor unions united | AFL-CIO |
| called for three tiers of higher education: research universities, state colleges, and community colleges, all of which were to be accessible of all the state's citizens | California Master Plan |
| large-scale buying, much of it on credit | consumerism |
| measure of average family income | median family income |
| ideal of typical household with a father, mother, adn children | nuclear family |
| music originated in the gospel and blues tradtions of African Americans | rock-and-roll |
| small group of writers and artists in the 1950s and early 1960s who were critical of American society | beatniks |
| the older, central part of a city with crowned neighborhoods in which low-income, usually minority groups, live | inner city |
| government programs for redevelopment of urban areas | urban renewal |
| ended all programs monitored by the Bureau of Indian Affairs; also ended federal responsibility for the health and welfare of Native Americans | termination policy |
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