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EE Ch. 3 Less 2
Pioneers on the Plains
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Great Plains | vast region of dry grassland in the central U.S. |
| pioneers | settlers of the Great Plains |
| Homestead Act | Signed by President Lincoln in 1862; offered free land to American citizens and immigrants to farm the Great Plains |
| What steps did homesteaders have to take to own land on the Great Plains? | 1. man - at least 21 years old or woman who was head of the family 2. 160 acres of land 3. fee of $10 4. live on and farm the land for 5 years |
| homesteaders | settlers who were able to claim land through the Homestead Act |
| sodbusters | nickname given to farmers on the Great Plains because they had to break through thick, tangled roots before they could plant |
| sod "bricks" | used to build houses on the Great Plains due to the lack of trees |
| advantages to using sod "bricks" | cool in summer/warm in winter, fireproof; limitless supply |
| disadvantages to using sod "bricks" | sod walls meant easy access by bugs, mice, and snakes into the home; dirt in the home |
| "America Fever" | term given to describe an increase in the number of immigrants who came to America to settle the Great Plains |
| Explain the contributions that European immigrants made to successful farming on the Great Plains. | 1. new farming techniques 2. Russian immigrants brought a new variety of wheat seeds that were able to survive the harsh winters on the Plains |
| exodusters | name given to African American pioneers who moved to the Great Plains to start farms and move away from discrimination |
| Nicodemus, Kansas | town founded by exodusters in 1877 |
| Identify 4 examples of technology used by pioneers on the Great Plains. Explain their use. | 1. steel plows-break through the sod 2. windmills-pumped underground water; wind power 3. barbed wire-used to build fences for cattle 4. dry farming-crop survival |
| environmental obstacles faced by pioneers | winter-extremely cold temperatures, blizzards; spring-tornadoes, hailstorms, flooding; summer-extreme heat, little rain, prairie fires; grasshoppers-eat/destroy entire crops |
| John Deere | inventor of the steel plow 1837 |
| Joseph Glidden | invented barbed wire in 1874 |
| "Potato King" | George Shima - Japanese immigrant who lived in California in 1888; became wealthy by improving the growing conditions for potatoes |
Created by:
eevangel
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