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Constitution
The structure of the Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the structure of the Constitution? | It has a Preamble, and 7 Articles |
| Article 1 | Legislative Branch |
| Article 2 | Executive Branch |
| Article 3 | Judicial Branch |
| Article 4 | States Rights |
| Article 5 | Amendment Process |
| Article 6 | Supreme Law - recognizes the Constitution and federal laws as supreme when there is a conflict with state laws |
| Article 7 | Ratification process |
| What is Congress? | law-making group, made of House of Representatives and Senate |
| Legislative Branch | makes the laws |
| Executive Branch | enforces the laws |
| Judicial Branch | determines if laws are constitutional |
| What are the requirements to be a representative in the House? | 25 years old; serve for 2 years at at time; must be a citizen for 7 years |
| What are the requirements to be a senator in the Senate? | must be 30 years old; serve for 6 years at a time; must be a citizen for 9 years |
| How does a bill become a law? | All bills must pass both houses of Congress; Bills are then sent to the President to sign; He can sign it or veto it. If he vetoes, it is sent back to Congress; Congress can then pass it by a 2/3 majority to override the President's veto |
| Powers of Congress | collect taxes; make (coin) money; regulate trade; declare war; make all laws needed to run the government |
| What is the Executive Branch? | Contains the President and his cabinet |
| What are the requirements to becoming a president? | Must be 35 years old; Must be born in the USA; serves for 4 years; can be elected for no more than 2 terms |
| Powers of the President | enforces the laws commander in chief of armed forces makes treaties with other nations |
| What is the Judicial Branch? | Supreme Court and lower courts; determines if laws are constitutional |
| What are the requirements to becoming a Supreme Court Justice? | appointed by the President, but must be approved by the Senate serves for life |
| How can the Constitution be changed? | There are 2 paths to amend the constitution |
| 1st way to amend the Constitution: | 2/3 vote of both houses of Congress; 3/4 of states ratify |
| 2nd way to amend the Constitution | Constitutional Convention of 2/3 of states; 3/4 of states to ratify |
| What is impeachment? | the process of removing a high official in the government from office |
| What is the impeachment process? | House of Representatives files a charge of misconduct; Senate tries the case - 2/3 of Senators must vote for conviction. |
| What can a president be impeached for? | treason, bribery, and high crimes and misdemeanors (like lying and obstruction of justice) |
| What is the Bill of Rights? | 10 amendments, added after the Constitution was signed, that guaranteed freedoms and rights for citizens |
| Amendment 1: | freedom of religion; freedom of the press; freedom to peaceful assembly; freedom to address the government; freedom of speech |
| Amendment 2; | protects the right to own guns |
| Amendment 3: | army can't force homeowners to let soldiers live in their houses |
| Amendment 4; | protects against unreasonable searches and seizures; must have warrants based on probable cause |
| Amendment 5: | can't be held for a crime without due process; can't be charged with the same crime twice; people don't have to testify against themselves |
| Amendment 6: | trial by jury; guarantees a speedy trial; accused can confront witnesses; must be allowed to have a lawyer |
| Amendment 7: | jury trial in federal civil court cases |
| Amendment 8: | no cruel and unusual punishment; no extraordinarily large fines will be given |
| Amendment 9: | says that other rights may exist besides those listed in amendments 1-8, and that even though they're not listed, they still exist |
| Amendment 10: | any power not granted to the federal government belongs to the states |
| Amendment 13: | abolishes slavery (after the Civil War) |
| Amendment 14: | guarantees rights to all citizens (after the Civil War) |
| Amendment 15: | Race can't stop people from voting (after the Civil War) |
| Amendment 18: | Outlawed alcohol |
| Amendment 19: | Gave women the right to vote |
| Amendment 21: | repealed the 18th amendment - alcohol is once again legal |
| Amendment 26: | Gave 18 year olds the right to vote |
Created by:
jenroques
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