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APUSH LT 6
Evaluate the degree to which the Constitution embodied the principles of the Ame
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Annapolis Convention | A meeting in 1786 over money issues caused by the Articles of Confederation. Representatives from only five states attended, so the delegates called for another meeting to revise the Articles, which was later known as the Philadelphia Convention. |
| Constitutional Convention | aka the Philadelphia Convention, it was a meeting in 1787 to set a new system of government for the United States. The new constitution would govern all Americans, but the meeting was dominated by the educated and wealthy. |
| James Madison | Author of the Virginia Plan who later became the 4th President of the United States in 1809, he was a nationalist that favored a strong central government |
| Virginia Plan | Proposed by James Madison, the Plan called for "strong national authority," the national government to be established by people and not states, and a three-tier election system. Some opposed the veto power and representation based on population. |
| New Jersey Plan | Proposed by William Paterson and mainly favored by the smaller states, the Plan would give the Confederacy the power to raise revenue and control commerce. Each state would retain its sovereignty and have one vote in a unicameral legislature. |
| The Great Compromise | Proposed by Connecticut delegates, it called for a bicameral legislature with the upper house having two votes each and the lower house being based on population. |
| Electoral College | A system that would determine the President of the United States. A state would select as much "electors" as it does congressmen, and awards all its electoral votes to only one presidential candidate in a winner-take-all format. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | An agreement that slaves would count as three-fifths of a person for representation purposes |
| Commerce Compromise | an agreement during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 protecting the interests of slaveholders by forbidding Congress the power to tax the export of goods from any state, and, for 20 years, the power to act on the slave trade |
| Separation of Powers | Division of powers among the three branches of government. |
| Checks and Balances | A term describing the actions of the three branches of government to monitor each other’s work and limit each other’s powers so no branch becomes too powerful. |
| "Elastic" Clause | A statement in the U.S. Constitution granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers |
| "Supremacy" Clause | The federal government, in exercising any of the powers enumerated in the Constitution, must prevail over any conflicting or inconsistent state exercise of power. |
| Federalists | A member of a former political party in the United States that favored a strong centralized federal government |
| Antifederalists | Anti-Federalism is a political philosophy which opposes the concept of Federalism. Anti-Federalists dictate that the central governing authority of a nation should be equal or inferior to, but not having more power than, its state government. |
| The Federalist Papers | The Federalist Papers are a series of 85 articles or essays promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. |
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