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Poli Sci Vocab 8
Unit eight vocabulary savage
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Assesment | the complicated process involved in calculating the value of property to be taxed |
| Bicameral | two house legislative body |
| block grant | a grant of money to a state or local government for a general purpose |
| bond | a contractual promise by a borrower to repay a certain sum plus interest by a specified date |
| civil case | one usually involving a dispute between two or more private individuals and or the government |
| conservation | the care and protection of natural resources including the svenery, energy souces, and wildlife |
| constitutional commission | a group of experts appointed to study a state constitution and reccomend changes |
| constitutional convention | a gathering of citizens elected to study a state constitution and reccomend changes |
| corporate charter | a document that gives a corporation legal status |
| county | the largest political subdivision of a state |
| county board | the governing board of most counties |
| criminal case | one in which the state brings charges against a citizen for violating the law |
| excise tax | tax on the manufacture, transportation, sale, or consumation of certain items such as gasoline, liquor, or cigarettes |
| extradition | the legal procedure through which a person accused of a crome who has fled to another state is returned |
| federal grant | a sum of moneygiven to a state for a specific purpose |
| gentrification | new people moving to an area, forcingout the old, and changing the areas character |
| house arrest | a sentance which requres an offender to stay at home except for certain functions the court permits |
| incorporation | a process that extended the protections of the bill of rights against the actions of state and local governments |
| infrastructure | the basic favilities of a city |
| initiative | a method by which citizens proposej a consitiutional amendment or addition |
| intergovernmental revenue` | revenue distributed from one level of government to another |
| item veto | exclude a single line from a bill, but pass the rest |
| lieutenant governer | the presiding officer of the upper house in some state legislatures |
| mandate | A FORMER ORDER GIVEN BY A HIGHER AUTHORITY |
| mandatory sentancing | a system of fixed, required terms of imprisionment for certain types of crimes |
| market value | the amoun of money an owner may expect to recieve when a preoperty is sold |
| mass transit | transportation for many people at once. i.e. subway |
| metropolitan area | a large city and its surrounding suburbs |
| metropolitan government | a type of government that serves several different communities in the same area |
| municipality | an urban unit of government chartered by a state |
| parole | means by which a prisioner is allowed to serve the rest of the sendtance in the community under the surveilkance of a parole officer |
| personal property | movable items such as socks, and intangeable items such as stocks |
| plurality | the alrgest number of votes in an election |
| proportoinal tax | thatz hat is assessed at the same rate for everyone |
| public utility | an organization that supplies such necessities as gas, telephone wire, or electricity |
| real prpoperty | land and whatever is attached or growing on it |
| referendum | a special election |
| regressive tax | a tax in which the people with lower lincomes pay a larger portion of their incomes |
| revitalization | investment in new facilities in an effort to promote economic growth |
| shock incarceration | shorter prision sentances with a highly structured enviornment |
| shock probation | program designed to show young offenders how terrible prision life is through breif incarcaration folloed by supervised release |
| special district | a unti of local government that deals with a specific funtion such as exucation, water supply, or transportation |
| suburbs | a deeply settled territory ajacent to a large city |
| township | a unit of local government found in some states, usually a subdivision of a county |
| unemployment compensation | payments to workers who lose their job |
| urban renewal | programs when citys apply for federalk aid to clear slum areas and rebuild |
| victim compensation | state gov proves financial aid |
| worekers compensation | payments people unable to work as a reusly of job relation injury or ill health |
| zoning | the means a local government uses to regulate the way land and builkdings may be used in order to shape community development |
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