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the Gilded Age
Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gross National Product (GNP) | total value of goods & services produced by a country during a year |
| Alexander Graham Bell | invented the telephone -AT&T |
| Thomas Alva Edison | light bulb + >1000 other inventions Menlo Park was his work shop |
| Laissez-faire | policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy |
| Pacific Railway Act | provided for the construction of a transcontinental rail road by 2 corporations |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | 1 of the most successful RR consolidators. by 1869 he'd purchased and merged 3 NY RRs |
| Robber Barons | people who loot an industry and give nothing back |
| Jay Gould | Most notorious corrupt RR owner |
| Credit Mobilier | Corruption in the RR industry became public in 1872 when this scandal erupted |
| Stock | money or capital invested or available for investment or trading |
| consumers | people buying products |
| Pools | agreements to keep prices at a certain level |
| Andrew Carnegie | U.S. STEEL president of Penn. RRs |
| John D. Rockefeller | STANDARD OIL completed horizontal integration |
| Vertical Integration | to take over the companies that produce your product |
| Horizontal Integration | taking over all the other businesses also selling your product |
| Trusts | a combination of firms or corporations formed by a legal agreement, especially to reduce competition |
| Holding Company | a company whose primary business is owning a controlling share of stock in other companies |
| Deflation | a rise in the value of money prices drop |
| Inflation | drop in the value of money prices rise |
| Trade Unions | created by craft workers |
| Industrial Unions | united all workers in a particular industry |
| Blacklist | list of "trouble makers"-people who tried to make unions |
| Lockouts | companies locked out workers out of the property & refused to pay them |
| Marxism | believed workers should revolt/seize control of factories & over through the Gov. |
| Great Railroad Strike | Baltimore and Ohio RR announced it was cutting wages- WV workers walked off the Job and blocked the tracks |
| Knights of Labor | Founded in '69 took a different approach to labor issues |
| The Homestead Strike | Seeking to break union b/c they had such bad pay for long dangerous work -carnegie |
| The Pullman Strike | RR strike |
| American Federation of Labor (AFL) | Most dominent union |
| Samuel Gompers | 1st president pf AFL |
| Bessemer Process | Carnegie's efficient way of making steel |
| Henry Ford | model T, ford company |
| Model T | automobile built by Ford Motor company form 1908-1927 |
| J.P. Morgan | bought out Carnegie and now managed U.S.STEEL |
| U.S. Steel | Carnegie's steel company-most successful |
| Standard Oil | Rockefeller's oil company- by 1880 controlled 90% of all oil-refinerie |
| Social Darwinism | "Survival of the fittest" |
| "Gospel of Wealth" | union believed in philanthropy carnegie wanted people to help themselves |
| Monopoly | total control of a type of company |
| Pinkerton Detective Agency | "we never sleep" people who attacked carnegie's workers (for him) |
| Ellis/Angel Island | Ellis-eastern island for immigrants to pass through to come to the u.s. Angel-western, mostly chinese/other asian countries passes through to come to the u.s. |
| Nativism | Hostility towards immigrants |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | Didn't allow chinese to come to the U.S. |
| Skyscrapers | the innovation for cities to move upwards and not outward |
| Tenements | Poor living houses for people in cities with little money |
| Political Machine | organization linked to a political party that often control local Gov. |
| Party Bosses | person in control of a political machine |
| Gilded Age | Phrase made by Mark Twain about this time period |
| Mark Twain | writer, labeled the Gilded Age |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | The Gov.'s way of dealing with monopolies- not very affective |
| Central Park | Park in NY to help the city feel more like home |
| Jacob Riis | created How the other half Lives |
| How the Other Half Lives | picture book of poverty in the U,S. |
| William M. Tweed | "The Boss" |
| Vaudeville | popular T.V. show |
| Coney Island | First amusement park in NY |
| Grangers | patrons of Husbandry |
| Farmer's Alliance | about 1.2million men by 1890-democrats warned whited about "Black Republican" |
| Populist/People's Party | created by farmer because they wanted more representation in washington |
| William Jennings Bryan | populist presidential canidate-lost to McKinley |
| William Mckinley | President- got shot |
| segregation | separation by race |
| Poll Tax | a tax fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person the person could vote |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws created to enforce segregation |
| Plessy Vs. Ferguson | court case: Plessy charged b/c he had to sit in a separate cart from whites on a train established "separate but equal" laws-didn't work well |
| Lynching | public hangings |
| Ida B. Wells | used press to end violence for african Americans, she was a fiery young African American woman |
| Brooker T. Washington | said for African Americans to focus on economic goals and not political goals |
| W.E.B. Du Bios | leader of the new generation of African Americans wrote "the souls of Black Folk"-1908 worked towards African American Rights |
Created by:
Emmalie
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