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US History Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| William Jennings Bryan | -Democratic- election of 1896 -a "Free Silver" Democrat -"The Cross of Gold" - |
| Election of 1896 | -Dem: William Jennings Bryan (won) -Rep: William McKinley |
| de Lome Letter | -described McKinley as a weak man |
| Terence V. Powderly | -leader of Knights of Labor in 1879 -decided not to keep secret -socialist -against strikes |
| William Graham Sumner | "The Conquest of the US by Spain" |
| Jane Addams | "Why Women Should Vote"-1915 |
| Haymarket Square | -Chicago -bomb (no one knew who threw) -became symbol of anarchy -did damage to Knights of Labor -people related anarchy to terrorism |
| Homestead strike | -Carnegie and Frick wanted to go -Cut wages, shut down plant -Entire national guard set -assassination attempt on Frick |
| Eugene V. Debs | -led Pullman strike -arrested |
| The Grangers | -lobbying at state level to try to regulate railroads -farmers |
| Farmer's Alliance | -established in 1875 -midwest and south -women more involved -1880s--> 4 million members -morphed into Populist -believed in white supremacy, but reached out to blacks |
| Tom Watson | "The Negro Question In the South" |
| Frederick Winslow Taylor | -Tayloism- scientific management made human labor compatible -subdivide tasks- sped up production, made worker's more interchangeable |
| Assembly Line | -introduced by Henry Ford in his automobile plants in 1914 -assembled by workers who specialized on particular wages -could raise wages and reduce hours and cutting base prices |
| Limited Liability Corporation | -risked only amount of their investments and were not liable for any debts the corporation might accumulate beyond that point -entrepreneurs could gather vast sums of capital and undertake great projects |
| Andrew Carnegie | -Wrote "Wealth" in June 1889 -Dominated railroad industry |
| John D. Rockefeller | Celebrated corporate empire of late 19th century- standard oil |
| Horizontal integration | combined a number of firms engaged in the same enterprise into a single corporation |
| vertical integration | a company took over all the different businesses on which it relied for its primary function |
| social Darwinism | -justify imperialism-White European should dominate non-white world -tycoons get wealth by hardwork -survival of the fittest |
| Treaty of Paris (1898) | -signed in December of 1898 -ended Spanish-American war -would get Philippines for $20 million -ratified on February 1899 |
| Omaha Platform | -subtreasuries- farmers deposit crops in warehouses -abolilition of national banks and absentee ownership of land -everyone pays some RR fare -inflation of currency |
| Queen Liliuokalani | -ascended to Hawaiian throne -an extreme nationalist- wanted to keep Hawaii as Hawaii -1893 Revolution- US has to save Hawaii; American businessmen manipulated this to happen |
| Gospel of Wealth | -great wealth, great responsibility -Andrew Carneige |
| Horatio Alger | -minister- driven off by sex scandals -wrote over 100 novels -"rags to riches" |
| Henry George | -"Progress and Poverty"-1878 -Blamed social problems on the ability of a few monopolists to grow wealthy as a result of rising land values -single tax--> destroy monopolies, distribute wealth more equally and eliminates poverty |
| Railroad Strike of 1877 | -Began when the eastern railroads announced a 10% wage cut -expanded into a class war -destroyed equipment, rioted in streets -Hayes ordered federal troops to surpress -US's first major national labor conflict |
| Knights of Labor | -founded in 1869 under Urians Stephens -for all workers and professionals -no lawyers, bankers, gamblers, -8-hour work day, no child-labor -long-range reform of economy |
| American Federation of Labor | -autonomous craft unions that represented mainly skilled workers -leader=Samuel Gomphers -8 hour work day and general strike |
| Stalwarts | -favored traditional, professional machine politics -Arthur |
| Half-Breeds | -more open to reform -Garfield -Garfield defied Stalwarts |
| Pendleton Act | -Chester Arthur signed in 1883 -required that some federal jobs be filled by competitive written exams rather than by patronage |
| Interstate Commerce Act | -banned discrimination in railroad rates -can't favor rice--> not effective -created ICC -passed to seem like they were doing something -rich control congress |
| Alfred Thayer Maham | -most effective apostle of imperialism -captain in US navy -"Influence of Sea Power Upon History" -Naval history book -effective countries with sea power requires colonies -supporters--> Lodge, Roosevelt |
| Boxer Rebellion | -Boxers (a secret Chinese marital-arts society) launched a bloody revolt against foreigners in China -foreign diplomatic corps took refuge in the British embassy in Beijing -US rescued diplomats |
| The Philippine War | -Filipinos rebelled against Spanish rule in 1898, then against the US -Filipinos treated brutally -Ruled by Americans |
| Platt Amendment | -Cuba drew up constitution that made no reference to the US -Pressured Cuba into incorporating them into its constitution -Barred Cuba from making treaties with other nations -Left Cuba without only nominal political independence |
| Commodore George Dewey | -Roosevelt instructed D. to attack Spanish naval forces in the Philippines -Destroyed Spanish fleet |
| The Maine | -battleship blew up -US assumed that the Spanish had sunk the ship -But just an explosion - |
| Cuba Libre | Cuban Americans formed to support cause (Free Cuba) |
| Open Door | -US wanted access to China without war -trade freely and equally -other nations involved too |
| Social Gospel | -effort to make faith into a tool of social reform -concerned with redeeming nation's cities |
| Muckrakers | -committed to expose scandal -journalists wanted new spirit of national reform -targets: trusts, railroads |
| Dollar Diplomacy | -Taft's policy -US bankers offer loans to new governments -increases Washington's financial leverage over the country |
| Roosevelt Corollary | -US had right to oppose European intervention in the Western Hemisphere and intervene in domestic affairs of its neighbors |
| WCTU | -Women's Christian Temperance Union -led by Frances Willard -wanted prohibition of alcohol |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | -Women suffrage -natural rights |
| 19th Amendment | -voting rights for women |
| Robert M. LaFollette | -governor helped turn his state into what reformers across the nation described as a "lab of progressiveness" -Wisconsin regulated railroads and utilities, regulated workplace |
| de Lome Letter | -Cuban agent stole a private letter written by de Lome (Spanish minister) -turned over to the US press -described McKinley as a weak man -created intense popular anger -de Lome resigned |
| "Cross of Gold" | -William Jennings Bryan made speech at convention -pro-silver platform -nominated as president |
| Panama Canal | -Roosevelt -linked the Atlantic and Pacific -canal through Central America - |
| People's Party | -advocated substantial economic reform -led by James B. Weaver |
| William Graham Sumner | "The Conquest of the US by Spain" |
| Jane Addams | "Why Women Should Vote"-1915 |
Created by:
faithtcooper
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