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International Politi
Poli Sci 171
Question | Answer |
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Human Nature contending perspectives o the international political economy. | Economics Liberalism: Individuals act in rational ways to maximize their self-interest. Radicalism: Naturally cooperative as individuals; conflictual groups. Statist: Humans are aggressive; conflictual tendencies. |
Systemic Level Analysis state level | Countries and international actors operate in a global social-economic-political-geographic environment and that the specific characteristics of the system help determine the pattern of interaction among the actors |
Systemic Level Analysis | Although each of us has free will, each of us is also part of many overlapping systems that influence our behavior and make it reasonably, although far from perfectly, predictable. |
individual level of analysis | all behavior is individual behavior. Individuals make decisions on whether to go to war or to remain at peace. National interests are defined and applied by individuals. Individual soldiers kill and get killed. |
for radicals: Stratification | refers to the uneven division of resources among different groups of states. this is the key to understanding the radical notion of their IS. |
Domestic Level of Analysis | Instead of focusing on individuals and individual behavior, we may seek to explain international relations in terms of the domestic pressures that operate on governmental decision makers. |
Deterrence | A military capability sufficiently strong to discourage any would-be aggressor from starting a war because of the fear of retaliation. It's to prevent outbreak of violence. |
Anarchy P.7 | The absence of governmental authority. States in this anarchic condition act as man does in the state of nature. Hobbes believes that power is centrally controlled. |
Marxism | In the capitalist system, private interests control labor and market exchanges, creating bondage from which certain classes try to free themselves. Also believe that stratification in the international system id caused by capitalism. |
Realism | It's the product of a long historical and philosophical tradition, event though its direct application to international affairs is of more recent vintage. Humans are fearful, selfish and power seeking. |
Liberalism | Human nature is basically good and people can improve their moral and material conditions, making societal progress possible. Believe that injustice, war, and aggression aren't inevitable but can be moderated or eliminated through institutional reform. |
Constructivism | has returned international relations scholars to foundational questions, including the nature of the state and the concepts of sovereignty, identity, and citizenship. It has also opened new substantive areas of inquiry, such as the IR theories. |
Self-help | Realists believe that no other states can be relied upon to help guarantee the state's survival. |