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13 Colonies
US History Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is mercantilism? | an economic policy in which nations tried to gain wealth by controlling trade and establishing colonies (England gained all prophets) |
| What are cash crops? | a crop, such as tobacco, sugar, and cotton, raised in large quantities and sold for profit |
| What is a charter? | a formal document issued by the king that outlined a colony’s geographic boundaries and specified how it would be governed |
| What is a democratic government? | ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives to make and carry out laws |
| What/who is a separatist? | The pilgrims were separatists and wanted to separate from the English church and form their own congregations |
| What were the beliefs of a Puritan? | wanted to “purify” the Anglican Church by making services simpler and doing away with ranks of authority. Governed themselves with the bible |
| Who were the pilgrims? | Separatists who traveled to America for religious freedom. Governed themselves with the mayflower compact. |
| Who was Winthrop? | Founded the Massachusetts colony. |
| Who were Williams and Hutchinson? | Two former colonists of Massachusetts who traveled south to pursue the Puritan faith and founded Rhode Island. |
| Who was Hooker? | Founded the Connecticut colony for farming land and fertile soil. |
| Who was the Duke of York? | Founded New York for businessmen and money |
| Who was Penn? | Founded Pennsylvania for the Quakers who supported equality among all. |
| Who were the Quakers? | A religious group that settled in Pennsylvania. They wanted a simple life and treated all with equality diversity and freedom. |
| Who was Lord Baltimore? | The founder of Maryland. |
| What was the House of Burgesses? | An elected assembly that passed laws. One important law was that the house of burgess made African Americans slaves for life. |
| Who was Sir Walter Raleigh? | Founded the Virginia colony. |
| Why did some English citizens come to America? | For a new life, to own land, and for religious freedom. Convicts were forced to to pay off debt. African Americans were inslaved. |
| What was the slave trade? | the business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves. |
| What was the fundamental orders? | The first written plan to govern. Guaranteed all male members of the Puritan church the ability to vote. Was not legal by the authorization of the king. |
| Why did some Puritans make the colony of New Haven? | They wanted stricter rules than those in other colonies. |
| Why was it hard for Virginia tobacco growers? | The farmers couldn't find enough workers |
| Maryland created a law to do what to Catholics? | Protect them |
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