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Chapter 31
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| amendment | Change or addition to a document or plan, such as the constitution |
| amendment process | rules for amending the Constitution. These are specified in the Constitution |
| Anti-Federalists | opponent of the central government as defined by the Constitution; against its ratification |
| Bill of Rights | first 10 amendments to the Constitution |
| checks and balances | system in which the power of each branch of government is balanced and checked by the powers of the other branches |
| confederations | in the late 1700s, supporters of the articles of Confederation who wanted states to hold most of the power in a loose |
| constitution | Plan of government. In the United States, the Constitution is the supreme law and plan of the national government, adopted in 1789. |
| constitution convention | Meeting of delegates who draft a constitution. |
| convention | Formal meeting of a group for a particular purpose. |
| delegate | Official representation of some larger group or body, like a state assembly. |
| executive branch | Part of government, headed in the United States by a president or governor, that carries out the laws. |
| exports | Goods shipped to other countries for sale or use. |
| federalism | System of government in which power is shared between the central government and the state governments. |
| Federalists | Supporter of ratification of the Constitution. |
| Founding Fathers | Writers and framers of the Constitution; the founders. |
| freeholders | Property holders. |
| House of Representatives | "Lower" house od Congress in which the number of each states representatives is based on its population. |
| imports | Goods brought in from other countries for sale or use. |
| judicial branch | Part of government that interprets the laws through its decision in legal cases. |
| legislative branch | Law-making part of government. |
| nationalists | Those who favored a strong national government in the lat 1700's. |
| New Jersey Plan | Plan presented by several states at the Constitutional Convention to give a equal number of representatives in Congress to all the states and establish a relatively weak central government. |
| popular sovereignty | Consent of the governed; power to govern comes from the people. |
| Preamble | introductory part fo the Constitution. |
| proportional representation | Way of determining how many representatives a state can have, based on its population. The larger a state's population, the more representatives it gets. |
| ratify | Approve and make official. |
| Senate | "Senior" or "upper" house of Congress in which each state has two representatives, called Senators, regardless of its population. |
| Supreme Court | Highest level of the judicial branch of the federal government; the highest court in the country. There are also state supreme courts. |
| Virginia Plan | Plan presented by Edmond Randolph at the Constitutional Convention. It provided a basis for the Constitution. |
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