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AP US Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Republicanism | Political theory of representative government, based on the principle of popular sovereignty, with a strong emphasis on liberty and civic virtue |
| Mercantilism | Economic theory that closely linked a nation's political and military power to its bullion reserves. |
| Stamp Act | 1765 An unpopular tax on an array of paper goods. |
| Sugar Act | 1764 A tam on imported sugar from the west Indies |
| Quartering Act | 1765 Required colonies to provide food and quarters for British soldiers. |
| Son's of liberty | Patriotic groups that played a central role in agitation against the stamp act and enforcing non importation agreements. |
| Declaratory act | 1766 IT reaffirmed parliament's unqualified sovereignty over the North American colonies |
| Townshend Acts | 1767 Indirect levies on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea. The proceeds were used to pay colonial governors. |
| Boston Massacre | 1770 Clash between Bostonian protesters and locally stationed British redcoats. Eleven civilians were killed/injured. |
| Intolerable Acts | 1774 Series of punitive measures passed in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, closing the ports of Boston, revoking a number of rights in the Massachusetts colonial charter. |
| Quebec Act | 1774 Allowed the French residents of Quebec to retain their traditional institutions |
| Committee of correspondence | 1772-Now. Local committees established across Massachusetts and and later in each of the thirteen colonies to maintain colonial opposition to British policies through the exchange of letters and pamphlets. |
| First Continental Congress | 1774 Convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies that convened in Philadelphia to craft a response to the Intolerable acts. |
| The Association | 1774 Non importation agreement crafted during the first continental congress calling for the complete boycott of British goods/ |
| The Battle of Long Island | August 1776 Battle for the control of New York. British troops overwhelmed the colonial militias and retained control of the city for most of the war. |
| The Battle of Lexington and Concord | April 1775 First battle of the revolutionary war. Fought outside of Boston. The colonial militia successfully defended their stores of munition, forcing the British to retreat to Boston. |
| Second Continental Congress | 1775 Representative body of delegates from all thirteen colonies . Drafted the Declaration of Independence. |
| The Battle of Bunker Hill | June 775 Fought on the outskirts of Boston on Breed's Hill, The battle ended in the colonial militia's retreat, though at a heavy cost to the British. |
| Olive Brunch Petition | July 1775 Conciliatory measure adopted by the continental congress, professing American loyalty and seeking an end to the hostilities. King George rejected the petition and proclaimed the colonies in rebellion |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man | 1789 Declaration of rights adopted during the French Revolution. Modeled after the the American Declaration of Independence. |
| Battle of Trenton | December 1776 George Washington surprised and captured a garrison of sleeping German Hessians, raising the morale of his crestfallen army and setting the stage for his victory at Princeton a week later. |
| Battle of Saratoga | October 1777 Decisive colonial victory in upstate New York which helped secure French support for the Revolutionary cause. |
| Treaty of Fort Stanwix | 1784 Treaty signed by the United States and the pro-British Iroquois granting Ohio country to the Americans. |
| Treaty of Paris | 1783 Peace treaty signed by the Britain and the United States ending the Revolutionary war. The British formally recognized American independence. |
| Society of the Cincinnati | 1783 Exclusive, hereditary organization of former officers in the Continental Army. Many resented the pretentiousness of the order, viewing it as a vestige of pre-revolutionary traditions |
| Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom | 1786 Measure enacted by the Virginia legislature prohibiting state support for religious institutions and recognizing freedom of worship. Served as a model for the religious clause of the first amendment to the constitution. |
| Articles of Confederation | 1781 First American constitution that established the United States as a loose confederation of states under a weak national congress, which was not granted the power to regulate commerce or collect taxes. |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | Provided for the sale of land in the Old Northwest and earmarked the proceeds toward repaying the national debt. |
| North West Ordinance | 1787 Created a policy for administering the Northwest territories. It included a path to statehood and forbade the expansion of slavery into the territories. |
| Viriginia Plan | Large state proposal for the new constitution calling for proportional representation is both house of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning representation. |
| New Jersey Plan | 1787 Small state plan put forth at the Philadelphia convention, proposing equal representation by state, regardless of population, in a unicameral legislature. Small states feared that the more populous states would dominate. |
| Great Compromise | 1787 Popular term for the measure which reconciled the New Jersey and Virginia plans at the constitutional convention, giving states proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate. |
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