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world issues ch 2
Key Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Catch-All Party | a term to describe a political party that plays down ideology in favor of slogans, telegenic candidates and the like. |
| Civil Culture | culture characterized by trust, legitimacy, and limited involvement, which some theorists believe is most conducive to democracy. |
| Civil Society | the web of membership in social and political groups that some analysts believe is needed to sustain democracy |
| Coalition | an agreement of mutual support between parliamentary parties to form a majority in order to govern. |
| Communist Parties | political that advocate Marxist policies and Leninist, Stalinist, or Maoist forms of governance |
| Democracy | a form of regime that provides citizens political power through an electoral system and guarantees basic political freedoms. |
| Electoral System | mechanism through which votes are cast and tallied, and seats in a legislature are allotted. |
| Fascism | right-wing regimes, often drawing on racist philosophies. |
| Thomas Hobbes | british social theorist of the seventeenth century who argued for a strong state. |
| Interventionist State | governments in industrialized democracies that pursue an active economic policy. |
| laissez-faire | economic policy that stresses a limited government role. |
| Left | political group favoring change, often of an egalitarian nature. |
| Legitimacy | a concept stressing the degree to which people accept and endorse their regime. |
| Liberal | opposition to government interference in the economy and any other area in which individuals can make decision for themselves. |
| John Locke | a leading democratic and liberal theorist who stressed the importance of " life, liberty, and the pursuit of property." |
| Nationalization | philosophies or attitude that stress the importance of extending the power of a nation; government takeover of priviate business |
| Postindustrial Society | a society in which the dominant industries are in the service and high-tech sectors. |
| Postmaterialism | the theory that young middle-class voters are likely to support environmentalism, feminism, and other "new" issues. |
| Proportional Representation | electoral system in which parties receive a number of seats in parliament proportionate to their share of the vote. |
| Radical | Western European party that supports democracy, capitalism, and anticlericalism. |
| Realignment | a shift in the basic electoral balance of power in which substantial groups in a society change their long-term party identification. |
| Rule of Law | the principle in a democratic regime that legal rules rather than arbitrary and personal decisions determine what happens. |
| Social Democratic Parties | political parties whose philosophy rejects revolution and prefers moderate socialistic and egalitarian reforms enacts though parliamentary processes. |
| Socialist Parties | political parties that advocate public ownership and egalitarian policies |
| Suffrage | the right to vote |
| Bureaucracy | the part of government composed of technical experts and others who remain from administration to administration. |
Created by:
Savannah1323
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