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APUSH CHAPTER 6
Wars
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mercantilism idea | that empires should be self-sustaining wholes |
| Mercantilism idea | that colonies exist primarily for the benefit of the mother country |
| Mercantilism idea | that as much trading as possible should take place within the empire |
| The Navigation Act of 1651 | required that all goods entering or leaving English colonies be in English ships with English crew. |
| The Enumerated Commodities Act of 1660 | stated that only English merchants could ship and market colonial goods. Parliament made a list of "enumerated" goods that could only be shipped to England or English colonies. |
| The Staple Act of 1663 | stated that European manufactured goods could not be shipped directly to the American colonies but first had to pass through England. Then goods were unloaded and reshipped to the colonies.Taxes and profits increased the prices colonists had to pay. |
| French and Indian War | brought victory and world dominance to the British; opened British eyes. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | prohibited colonial settlement west of the Allegheny Mountains. |
| The Sugar Act (1764) | attempted to raise revenues through import taxes on molasses. The Act, actually decreased the tax rate on molasses. |
| The Currency Act (1764) | forbade the use of paper money for payment of debts; caused hardship because short supply of gold and silver. |
| The Stamp Act (1765) | taxed legal documents, newspapers, pamphlets ect. |
| The Quartering Act (1765) | forced the colonists to house and supply the British army. |
| The Townshend Act (1767) | imposed taxes on colonial imports as paper, glass, lead and tea. These taxes would pay the salaries of royal officials to the colonies. |
| The Revenue Act (1767) | created a Board of Customs Commissioners in Boston and a new Vice Admiralty Courts in Boston, Charleston, and Philadelphia' royal authority |
| Committees of Correspondence | leader was Samuel Adams; unify the efforts of the patriots in different colonies. |
| The First Continental Congress | the colonists' reply to the Intolerable Acts; Joseph Galloway's plan of a permanent colonial congress that would cooperate with Parliament in enacting laws for America. His plan was rejected. |
| Mercantilism | economic/political system based upon favorable balance of trade. |
| Quebec | France's 1st permanent colony |
| Samuel de Champlain | soldier and explorer who led the Quebec exploration |
| Coureurs de bois | French fur trappers- caught mostly beavers |
| Louisiana | found by Robert de la Salle- named in honor of Louis XIV |
| King William's War | British colonists against French coureurs de bois- recruted Indians- guerrila warfare |
| Queen Anne's War | Similar to King William's war- the British won and recieved Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay |
| Treaty of Utrect | treaty that gave Britain Nova Scotia and Hudson Bay after Queen Anne's War |
| Nova Scotia | "New Scotland" awarded in Treaty of Utrect |
| Salutary Neglect | time after the war and before the French and Indian War when Britain allowed the colonies to run themselves |
| War of Jenkins Ear | Between Britain and Spain- Carribean Sea and Georgia- ended with Louisbourg back to France |
| King George's War | war of Austrian Sucession- France allies with Spain- New Englanders invade New France |
| George Washington | sent to Ohio River Valley to fight the French, killed French leader- later had to surrender |
| Fort Duquesne | French fort- 1st George Washington fight- kills French leader |
| Fort Necessity | after a 10 hour siege on the fort, George Washington surrenders- defeated by French |
| French and Indian War | started in Ohio Valley- against French for land- ended with the Peace Treaty of Paris (1763)- Britain gets Canada, and Louisiana, French get Sugar Islands |
| Albany Congress | group of delegates from 7 of the 13 colonies- agreed on union through French and Indian War |
| Braddock | British general- tried to capture Fort Duquesne- failed because of slow, heavy equipment |
| William Pitt | British general- attacked Louisburg for 1st British victory- helped capture Quebec |
| James Wolfe | led British on Plains of Abraham (died)- Quebec surrenders |
| Treaty of Paris | 1763- French power is thrown off North America- Spain gives up Florida, Britain gets Canada, and Louisiana, French get Sugar Islands |
| Pontiac's Rebellion | Indian cheif who wanted to expel the British colonists out of the Ohio River Valley- failed, but led colonists to set up army on frontier |
| Proclamation of 1763 | prohibited settlement in an area beyond the Appalachians- tried to stop Indian problem- colonists saw as it as way to oppress them |
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