Operating Systems Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Administrator Account | |
Desktop | |
Device Driver | |
Distribution | |
File Extension | |
Initialization Files | |
Notification Area / Systray / System Tray | |
Patches / Service Packs | |
Path | |
Registry | |
Shell | |
Standard Account | |
Taskbar | |
Application software | Entertainment(Games), Productivity(Microsoft), or Utility |
Device Drivers/Firmware (system BIOS) | software that operates devices |
Operating System | software that controls the computer o Manages hardware, runs applications, user interface, and file management |
Two major categories | 32-bit and 64-bit |
Found in many devices: | Embedded (smart phones, automotive, etc.) Network Computers/Devices and Personal Computers Virtual Machines |
Operating System Updated with | Service Packs: major changes Patches: minor changes |
Microsoft Operating Systems User Interface | •Command Line Interface •GUI Interface |
Command Line Interface | DOS (Disk Operating System) |
GUI Interface | Windows 1-3, 9X/NT Series, ME/2000, XP, Vista/Windows 7 |
What are the two main versions of Windows XP? | Home Edition and Professional |
Apple Operating Systems | Macintosh – UNIX based OS |
Linux Operating Systems (Distributions) | •Similar to UNIX, popular as a server platform, less popular as a desktop OS •Interaction with the OS is more common through CLI oGUI environment is based on X-Window using GNOME or KDE |
Identify the three main internal OS components. | The Shell, Kernel, and Configuration Data |
Four Common Operating System Functions and Components | 1.Responsible for the direct control and management of hardware 2.Provide a User Interface (Shell, GUI/CLI) 3.Management of files and directories 4.Management of applications |
Responsible for the direct control and management of hardware | o Memory Management (RAM, static and dynamic) o Processor control o Peripheral device control o Management and control of basic system operations Recognizing keyboard/mouse input and sending output to the display |
Identify two places where Windows stores configuration information. | Registry and Text file called initialization file |
Small programs stored on a hard drive that tell a PC how to communicate with a specific device are called: | Device driver |
Programs on the left side of the Vista Start menu are user-oriented. What are entries on the right-side? | Gives access to user files and OS utilities |
What is a Service? | A program that runs in the background to support or serve windows or an application |
Windows Vista/7 Desktop | •Start Button/Start Menu •Sidebar and Gadgets •Taskbar/Notification Area (System Tray) – displays some of the running services •User Account Control (UAC) |
The two types of Vista user accounts are: | Administrator and Standard |
Data organization method | Physical drives/partitions/logical drives/directories/subdirectories/files |
User Files and Folders | oWindows XP Location:%SystemDrive%\Documents and Settings\ oWindows Vista Location:%SystemDrive%\Users |
Given the following info: (C:\Windows\system32\config\software.LOG) identify the: Path: Filename: File Extension: | Path: C:\Windows\system32\config Filename: software File Extension: .LOG |
Small utility programs in the Control Panel are called: | Applets |
Control Panel | Control over hardware, software, users and minor system settings |
Control Panel Access with: | Start -> Control Panel |
System Properties | •Control and view over system information and major settings •Device control and basic system information |
System Properties Access with: | Right click computer properties |
System Information Utility | Detailed system information |
System Information Utility Access with: | msinfo32.exe |
Command Prompt | •CLI Emulator •Allows multiple commands to be entered and run |
Command Prompt offers two levels of access: | Standard and Elevated |
What is the default path of an elevated command prompt window? | c:windows\system32\msinfo32 |
Command Line Interface | oFolder/directory structure (Folder = Directory) oFilename structure, including extensions oCommands, Command Syntax |
Microsoft CLI | All Windows versions have a command line interface |
How the command line interface must be opened before it can be used? | Click Start, enter cmd in the run or search field |
How to close the CLI? | Enter exit on the command line interface or click on the close button |
Entering Commands | •Text commands are entered with the keyboard (99% are not case sensitive) •Computer is ready for a command when displaying a prompt •Prompt appears after the last command was executed (and PC is awaiting further instructions) |
Typical (root) prompts include: | A: B: C: D: E: H: etc. |
Windows creates two names for every file it saves: | DOS filename and the Windows filename |
Windows Filenames and File Formats | oThe DOS filename follows “8.3” with longer names being truncated oWindows filenames can be up to 255 characters long oCertain characters cannot be used: / \ : * ? “ < > | oWindows associates the file extension with the required program |
Focusing the CLI | Pointing the command line interface to the specific file or folder desired by the user |
Many times the starting point (prompt) will be C:\ | oTo change drives enter the prompt (drive letter and the colon) oNarrow the focus to the folder or file of interest |
•Focus Commands include the (drive) prompt, dir | short for directory |
•Focus Commands include the (drive) prompt, cd | means change the directory (enter a folder name after the cd command) |
•Focus Commands include the (drive) prompt, cd windows | takes the user down a level to a directory named windows |
•Focus Commands include the (drive) prompt, cd.. | takes the user up one level in the directory structure |
•Focus Commands include the (drive) prompt, cd\ | takes the user directly to the root of the drive |
• Wildcards may assist the user in a search for a particular file or a particular type of file | oThe * is wild for any number of characters, the ? is wild for one character |
Command Syntax (term used to describe a complete command) | •First, the basic command is typed followed by the target (if applicable) of the command •Then modifications to the command are added before entering the whole command •The modifications to the command are called switches |
Switches | •Switches are numbers or letters that add functionality to the basic command •Switches are indicated by the forward slash / or the hyphen - |
File Attributes | •All files have four special values associated with them called attributes •Attributes control how the file will behave in certain circumstances •Attributes can be changed with the attrib command •The command usually has three parts |
Hidden (h) File Attributes | Allows a file to not be viewable when running the dir command |
Read Only (r) File Attributes | Protects a file from being overwritten or changed |
System (s) File Attributes | Marks a file as belonging to the system |
Archive (a) File Attributes | Used to identify files that have changed since the last file backup. |
The command usually has three parts | oAttrib command oAdding or removing an attribute oFilename to perform the change on |
attrib | attribute of a file |
batch | calls or names a batch file |
cd/chdir | Used to Change directory |
chkdsk | Performs a disk check (scan disk) |
cls | Clear the screen |
copy | Copy files from one location to another |
del/delete | Used to delete one file |
dir | Display files and subdirectories |
diskpart | disk partitioning utility |
edit | Starts a text editor program |
expand | Expands a compressed file |
format | formats a partition |
help | provides command help |
md/mkdir | Creates a new directory |
path | Provides the OS with a list of paths to executable files |
prompt | sets a new prompt |
rd/rmdir | Deletes an empty directory |
ren/rename | Used to rename a file |
set | displays, sets command variables |
type | Displays the contents of a text file |
copy | Copies files and directory trees |
Batch Files/Scripts | •Allow users to create a list of commands to run in sequence •Does not require any special programming skills •Adds functionality to CLI by allowing additional commands •May be created with a text editor (Notepad) and saved with a .bat file extension |
Created by:
booaphi
Popular Computers sets