Reproductive System1 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
When are primordial germ cells in male and female generated? | embryogenesis |
What are the chromosomal sex determinates? | XX and YY |
What does expression of the gene SRY on chromosome Y result in? | testes (male) |
What determines gonadal sex? | presence of testes vs ovaries |
What is the source of hormone which determines external and internal genitalia? | gonad |
What is phenotypic sex? | external and internal genitalia |
What is necessary for maleness? | SRY |
Is SRY sufficent for maleness? | NO |
What in addition to SRY is necessary to have a phenotypic male? | genes on X chromosome that encode the testosterone receptor |
When is male phenotype induced? | after 8 weeks of gestation |
Sexual differentiation | the process by which specific gene products result in a gonad whose products make possible a male or female phenotype |
female ducts | Mullerian ducts |
male ducts | Wolferian ducts |
What do Sertoli cells secrete? | Mullerian inhibitory hormone (MIF) |
What does MIF cause? | regression of mullerian ducts in male |
sexual identity | refers to whether indviduals consider themselves male or female |
sexual preference | refers to whether individual is attracted to the same sex or the opposite sex |
sexual functioning | refers to whether an individual has testes, ovaries, or gonads with both features |
hermaphroditism | gonads with both features - retain Wolferian and Mullerian ducts |
What responds to levels of circulating steroid hormones? | hypothalamus |
What does GnRH regulate? | FSH and LH |
What do FSH and LH do? | regulate the development and function of the gonads in male and female |
What is GnRH secretion like in male? | continuous and pulsatile |
What is GnRH secretion like in female? | cyclic (monthly pattern) |
How sensitive is the hypothalamus in development? | super-sensitive |
How sensitive is the hypothalamus in adult? | feedback |
What does inhibin do? | inhibits FSH |
Does inhibin occur in males or females? | both |
what causes negative feedback of inhibin? | local secretion of testosterone |
What is kespeptin? | clock that has to be turned on, allows hypothalamus to gain adult rhythms - absence of these genes products prevents puberty |
Where are sperm made? | testes |
Where do sperm go from the testes? | epididymis |
Where do sperm go from the epididymis? | vas deferens |
How much sperm is in typical ejaculate? | > 100 x 10⁶ sperm per 5 ml |
What does the blood-testes barrier do? | prevents immune system from accessing developing sperm - protects stem cell population |
What do the leydig cells produce? | testosterone and DHT |
What do the sertoli cells produce? | various hormones |
What coordinates the production of sperm? | hypothalamus |
What is the length of the seminiferous tubules? | length of 3 football fields |
What is the length of epididymis? | 6 feet |
How many days does it take to go from a spermatogonium to a spermatozoon in the lumen? | 64 days |
Can sperm swim when they are released from seminiferous tubules? | no - they are immobile |
How long does it take for a sperm to be mobile? | 90 days |
What does the epididymis do to the sperm? | further differentiate, help them become mobile |
When do sperm become good swimmers? | in the ova duct - they learn how to swim then - they bury their heads in the ova duct epithelium, searching for an egg |
What is the hormone control by sertoli cells? | testes-blood barrier, androgen binding protein, inhibin, convert testosterone to estradiol |
What is 5 α reductase? | critical for making DHT |
What is DHT? | dihydrotestosterone |
Created by:
ges13
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