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Bio 2 Exam 2 Test

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1.
What are the two components of diversity?
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2.
What is the equation for exponential growth?
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3.
What is the relationship between body size and generation time?
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4.
What are some evidence supporting the assertion that viruses are living organisms?
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5.
What are some of the life history trade offs due to increased reproduction rates?
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6.
What is a glycoprotein?
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7.
What are some evidence refuting the assertion that viruses are living organisms?
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8.
What is the function of the fimbriae?
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9.
What are some characteristics that are used to determine evolutionary relationships?
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10.
What is the difference between the systematics and Linnaean approach to classifying biological organisms?
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11.
What is the function of the flagella?
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12.
What are dominant and keystone species in a community? What are some examples of the effects of their removal?
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13.
What are some of the abiotic factors that may influence the range of an organism?
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14.
What controls the length of food chains?
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15.
What is a biological community?
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16.
What is the difference between density independent and density dependent factors?
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17.
What are r-selected species?
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18.
What are the three domains of life?
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19.
What is a survivorship curve, and name the three types of survivorship curves.
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20.
What is the function of the sex pilus?
A.
independent: factors that regulate population growth regardless of population size (natural disasters, severe weather conditions) dependent: factors that cause growth rate to slow with an increase in density (disease, resource availability,predation)
B.
projections on the surface of the cell that help with attachment to surfaces
C.
Not cells (protein is protecting come genetic material), can’t reproduce on its own (needs host cell to infect), can’t preform metabolism (rely on host cell to make everything that it needs)
D.
Energetic hypothesis: the inefficency of energy transfer limits length of chain (only 20% transferred)
E.
Systematic: study of evolutionary relationships. Linnnaean: based on morphology
F.
tube to exchange genetic material between two bacterial cells
G.
selection favors individuals with high reproduction rates (affected most strongly by density independent factors,if there are few individuals, exhibit exponential growth, yound at 1st reproduction, short lifespan, little to no parent care, small offspring
H.
General Times= the average interval between birth and production of the first offspring. The smaller the body size usually leads to faster generation times
I.
1) morphology: the shape (DNA/protein behavior). 2) physiology: how the body works. CHARACTER MUST BE PRESENT OR ABSENT (it is either there or not)
J.
Expo: dN/dt = rmaxN (N = indv, rmax= rate of growth, dN/dt = instantaneous growth rate over time) The slope of the graph will be steeper the larger the rate of growth.
K.
Survivorship curve = percent of orignal population that survives to a given age. Type 1, Type 2, Type 3
L.
Trade-offs: increase in reproduction comes with the cost of parental survival (due to limited resources, decrease offspring survival) Increae in reproduction leads to a decrease in the number of surviving parents
M.
Number of species present and relative abundance of each species
N.
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
O.
Contains biological macromolecules(DNA & protein), can reproduce
P.
large projection form the cell that helps to move or propel it
Q.
Spikes, that help the virus attach to the host cell
R.
Dominant: those species in a community that are most abundant or have the greatest biomass. Keystone: exert a strong influence on the structure of biological communities through crucial niches they occupy
S.
Abitoic= nonliving factors that affect the range and/or distribution of organisms (terrain, temperature, precipitation, sun, wind)
T.
is an assemblage of populations of various species living close enough for potential interaction.
Type the Answer that corresponds to the displayed Question.
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21.
Of these three groups: monophyletic, paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups which would represent a clade?
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22.
What are thermophiles?
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23.
What are halophiles?
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24.
What is the function of the circular chromosomes?
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25.
infectious proteins that are misfiled versions of normal proteins that are found in the brain
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26.
A=attachment to host cell(binds to surface on the host), P=penetrate the plasma membrane, U=un-coating of the capsid to release genome, T= transcription, T=translation, G=genome replication, A=assembly of virus, R=release of virus
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27.
produce methane due to unique metabolism

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