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Essential terms for STAAR-EOC Biology

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show process by which a new cell becomes more specialized, i.e becomes a certain cell in the body (brain cell, skin cell, blood cell)  
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show process by which a cell maintains a constant internal environment. Cells excrete waste and take in nutrients to maintain a healthy state.  
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prokaryotes   show
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eukaryotes   show
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show movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration  
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show movement of WATER through a selectively permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration  
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active transport   show
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show moving materials with the concentration gradient (from a high to low concentration); does not require energy  
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facilitated transport   show
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isotonic   show
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show An environment in which solute concentration is greater outside the cell and water is higher inside the cell, so water flows out of the cell.  
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show An environment in which solute concentrations are greater inside the cell and water is higher outside the cell, so water flows into the cell.  
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show A cell takes material into itself (cell “eating”); it wraps it up in its cell membrane and pulls it inside.  
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show active transport involving the use of a lipid membrane to transport materiel out of the cell  
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carbohydrate   show
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protein   show
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show A polymer made of monomers called nucleotides (CHONP) that store genetic information  
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mitosis   show
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somatic cells   show
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sister chromatids   show
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show 2n; double set of chromosomes  
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show n; single set of chromosomes; half the gentic material  
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cancer   show
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show Proteins that catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy needed; speeds up the reaction. (ends in -ase)  
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show a single unit or building block of a larger biomolecule  
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polymer   show
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show A non-living particle made of DNA or RNA, and a protein shell; can only reproduce using a living cell’s machinery.  
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show protein coat on the exterior of viruses  
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show virus that infects bacteria; -phage = destroy  
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show type of viral reproduction - 1.virus enters cell, 2.makes copies,and,3.explodes the cell to release offspring  
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lysogenic infection   show
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show weakened/killed microbes used to train the body's immune system to recognize, destroy and "remember" it  
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show Organelle that performs photosynthesis in plants and algae  
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show organelle which converts glucose to ATP (energy)  
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synthesis   show
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Rough ER   show
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genome   show
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interphase   show
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prophase   show
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metaphase   show
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show division of the cytoplasm and organelles during nuclear division  
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show part of cell cycle involving DNA replication. Occurs during Interphase  
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G-Zero Phase   show
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Lysosomes   show
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