Unit IB study guide
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| Election of 1800 "Bloodless Revolution" | Democratic-Republican Party took control of the presidency and Congress in a peaceful transfer of power.
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| Secretary of Treasury: Albert Gallatin | Cut taxes, cut government spending & reduced military
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| Attack on the Judiciary | Before leaving office, the Federalists had passes the JUDICIARY ACT OF 1801. This created more federal judgeships which they filled with their own party members. The new Democratic-Republican Congress later repealed the act.
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| Marbury v. Madison | William Marbury was a "midnight judge" appointed by Pres. Adams before he left office. He was refused his position by the new government so Marbury took his complaint to the Supreme Court.
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| Writ of Mandamus (Marbury v. Madison) | Marbury asked for a writ of mandamus (court order to do something) to force the government to give him his job. The Federalist controlled Supreme Court Justice was sympathetic but denied his request.
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| John Marshall (Marbury v. Madison) | Chief Justice that ruled that the court could not issue the order as that power given to it but the Judiciary Act of 1789 was UNCONSTITUTIONAL.
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| Marbury v. Madison Judicial Review | Striking down part of a law.
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| Louisiana Purchase: Who offered to sell the LA Territory in 1803? | Napoleon Bonaparte
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| _______ agreed to the purchase (Louisiana Purchase) even though his _________ view of the Constitution did not allow it. | Pres. Jefferson; strict constructionist
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| Who were sent to explore and map the Louisiana Territory and who were they aided by? | Lewis & Clark were sent and they were aided by Sacajawea ( Native American woman) and York ( a slave)
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| _________ also explored much of the Louisiana Territory and beyond. | Zebulon Pike
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| A group of Federalists sought to secede (withdraw) New England and New York from the nation. | Essex Junto
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| Who as recruited to run for governor of N.Y. but was defeated with the influence of Alexander Hamilton? | Aarron Burr
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| _____ challenged ________ to a duel and killed him. | Burr; Hamilton
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| Britain and ______ were again at war. Both sides seized U.S. ships and Britain ___ U.S. Sailors. | France; impressed (forced them into its navy)
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| A British ship attacked what but Pres. Jefferson sought to continue neutrality? | U.S.S Chesapeake
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| Congress passed what act to ban all what with Europe? (It was intended to hurt Britain and France and force them to respect U.S. neutrality but it hurt the U.S. economy) | Embargo Act; trade
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| Events Leading to the War (1&2) | 1. Non-intercourse Act (cut off trade with only Britain and France)
2. Macon's Bill - replaced Non-intercourse Act; allowed trade with all nations, but it Britain or France respected US neutrality, trade would stop with the one who didn't.
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| Events Leading to War (3-5) | 3. Napoleon of France promised to U.S respect. U.S. embargoed Britain so the U.S. was NO LONGER NEUTRAL.
4. Democratic-Republicans in the South and West wanted to go to war with Britain to gain land in Canada.
5. U.S. declared war on Britain in 1812.
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| War Hawks | Wanted to go to war with Britain to gain land in Canada.
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| U.S. Strategy : Attack Canada | Failed due to a small army, lack of equipement, over-reliance on ill trained militia and lack of financing (National Bank charter had expired)
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| Who won a battle on Lake Erie? (Small Success of U.S. Strategy: Attack Canada) | Oliver Hazard Perry
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| Who defeated the British at the Battle of Thames? (Small Success of U.S. Strategy: Attack Canada) | William Henry Harrison
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| What did the Native American Resistance do? | Allied with the British because they wanted to resist American expansion.
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| Who led the Native American Resistance? | Led by chief Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa "the Prophet" who preached traditional NA ways.
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| Who defeated the NA Resistance and where? | Defeated by Indiana governor William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe
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| The British 3 Pronged Attack (1) | From Canada into NY - defeated at Battle of Lake Champlain
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| The British 3 Pronged Attack (2) | Attack on Washington D.C. and Baltimore - British captured D.C. but not Baltimore.
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| The British 3 Pronged Attack (3) | New Orleans - American victory led by Andrew Jackson (future president)
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| Francis Scott Key | Wrote a poem describing the bombardment of Fort McHenry that later became the national anthem
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| Hartford Convention | Federalist opposed the war and met to propose changes to the Constitution that would increase New England's power and their own power. Seen as unpatriotic and contribute to the decline and end of the Federalist Party.
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| The war ened with what treaty? | Treaty of Ghent (no gain or loss of territory)
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| The war led to a rise in feelings of _________ in the U.S. which would be reflected after the war in the development unique in the ______. | nationalism (patriotism); arts
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